Leisure Activities and Recreation Facilities in Nigeria: Implications …
55
defining health. They argued that what health meant could differ from community
to community depending on their respective needs, realities and perspectives. While
Bates et al. (2019) were able to validate their approach in community experiments,
this paper regards that a somewhat universal definition, such as the one put forward
by Oleribe et al. (2018) could serve as the starting point for CCA.
In canvassing for wholesome community health, therefore, the essential items
for consideration are that we identify every neighbourhood as hosting people who
are bound by a SOC and are in an acceptable and satisfactory state of well-being,
bearing in mind that positive stressors should be generated from the locality. Or
perhaps, it is not that simple. Goodman et al. (2014) acknowledged how difficult
defining community health could be, following a comprehensive literature review
and the practical analyses they carried out. For instance, according to Alakija (2000)
and Ibama et al. (2015), community health is concerned with the health of the whole
population [of the community], …identifies the root causes of diseases and health
problems, [deploys] community resources principally in solving their problems [in
addition to] the resources from government and private sector… [with the aim of]
giving the highest level of health for all people in the community and such level
includes that of physical, mental, moral, social and spiritual health. The definition
provided by Alakija (2000) recognises that every community could have peculiar
health challenges, which necessitate a community-based approach to tackling them.
It is apparent that factors affecting health differ from one community to another.
Consequently, health needs will also differ. For instance, Dannefer et al. (2020)
observed a huge disparity in the health status of many communities of New York in
spite of the tremendous wealth the city enjoys. In other words, all stakeholders have to
uncover the characteristic health needs of every community and work with community leaders to address communal health challenges. Pierre et al. (2020) reported
that the place-based model of intervening in community health in some communities in New York City has yielded some desirable improvements. Abimbola et al.
(2016) also recounted a degree of progress with the introduction of CHCs in some
communities in parts of Nigeria. Goodman et al. (2014) provided a workable definition for this paper: a multi-sector and multi-disciplinary collaborative enterprise
that uses public health science, evidence-based strategies, and other approaches to
engage and work with communities, in a culturally appropriate manner, to optimize
the health and quality of life of all persons who live, work, or are otherwise active
in a defined community or communities. From the foregoing, consequently, wholesome community health is multifactorial. An aggregate of the SDoH are critical to
its sustenance.
Scholars have subjected the word ‘leisure’ to diverse interpretations by from
time immemorial. A long chronicle exists in the literature from the times of the
Greek philosopher, Aristotle, showing the multidimensional portrait of the word
(Hemingway and Parr 2000; Beville 2010; Suleiman 2016; Cordes 2013, p. 1).
‘Leisure’ will continue to connote and evoke assorted inferences depending on the
discipline and angle from which the discussants evaluate the subject. In contemporaneous time, Henderson et al. (2004) linked early attempts to social philosophers
who barely explained the word with conjectures in the 1960s similar to the ancient
55
defining health. They argued that what health meant could differ from community
to community depending on their respective needs, realities and perspectives. While
Bates et al. (2019) were able to validate their approach in community experiments,
this paper regards that a somewhat universal definition, such as the one put forward
by Oleribe et al. (2018) could serve as the starting point for CCA.
In canvassing for wholesome community health, therefore, the essential items
for consideration are that we identify every neighbourhood as hosting people who
are bound by a SOC and are in an acceptable and satisfactory state of well-being,
bearing in mind that positive stressors should be generated from the locality. Or
perhaps, it is not that simple. Goodman et al. (2014) acknowledged how difficult
defining community health could be, following a comprehensive literature review
and the practical analyses they carried out. For instance, according to Alakija (2000)
and Ibama et al. (2015), community health is concerned with the health of the whole
population [of the community], …identifies the root causes of diseases and health
problems, [deploys] community resources principally in solving their problems [in
addition to] the resources from government and private sector… [with the aim of]
giving the highest level of health for all people in the community and such level
includes that of physical, mental, moral, social and spiritual health. The definition
provided by Alakija (2000) recognises that every community could have peculiar
health challenges, which necessitate a community-based approach to tackling them.
It is apparent that factors affecting health differ from one community to another.
Consequently, health needs will also differ. For instance, Dannefer et al. (2020)
observed a huge disparity in the health status of many communities of New York in
spite of the tremendous wealth the city enjoys. In other words, all stakeholders have to
uncover the characteristic health needs of every community and work with community leaders to address communal health challenges. Pierre et al. (2020) reported
that the place-based model of intervening in community health in some communities in New York City has yielded some desirable improvements. Abimbola et al.
(2016) also recounted a degree of progress with the introduction of CHCs in some
communities in parts of Nigeria. Goodman et al. (2014) provided a workable definition for this paper: a multi-sector and multi-disciplinary collaborative enterprise
that uses public health science, evidence-based strategies, and other approaches to
engage and work with communities, in a culturally appropriate manner, to optimize
the health and quality of life of all persons who live, work, or are otherwise active
in a defined community or communities. From the foregoing, consequently, wholesome community health is multifactorial. An aggregate of the SDoH are critical to
its sustenance.
Scholars have subjected the word ‘leisure’ to diverse interpretations by from
time immemorial. A long chronicle exists in the literature from the times of the
Greek philosopher, Aristotle, showing the multidimensional portrait of the word
(Hemingway and Parr 2000; Beville 2010; Suleiman 2016; Cordes 2013, p. 1).
‘Leisure’ will continue to connote and evoke assorted inferences depending on the
discipline and angle from which the discussants evaluate the subject. In contemporaneous time, Henderson et al. (2004) linked early attempts to social philosophers
who barely explained the word with conjectures in the 1960s similar to the ancient