226
A. Machnik
Table 1 Chosen definition of ecotourism in the sustainability context
Author(s)
Definition
Sustainability aspects
Environment
Economy Society
Ceballos-Lascuráin
(1987)
Travelling to relatively
undisturbed or
uncontaminated natural
areas with the specific
objective of studying,
admiring, and enjoying
the scenery and its wild
plants and animals, as
well as any existing
cultural manifestations
(both past and present)
found in these areas
+ +
−
(+)
Laarman and Durst
(1987)
Nature tourism in which
the traveller is drawn to a
destination because of
his or her interest in one
or more features of that
destination’s natural
history. The visit
combines education,
recreation, and often
adventure
+ +
−
−
TIES (1991, 2015)
Responsible travel to
natural areas that
conserves the
environment, sustains
the well-being of the
local people, and
involves interpretation
and education
+
(+)
+
Goodwin (1996)
Low impact nature
tourism which
contributes to the
maintenance of species
and habitats either
directly through a
contribution to
conservation and/or
indirectly by providing
revenue to the local
community sufficient for
local people to value, and
therefore protect, their
wildlife heritage area as
a source of income
+ +
+
+
(continued)
A. Machnik
Table 1 Chosen definition of ecotourism in the sustainability context
Author(s)
Definition
Sustainability aspects
Environment
Economy Society
Ceballos-Lascuráin
(1987)
Travelling to relatively
undisturbed or
uncontaminated natural
areas with the specific
objective of studying,
admiring, and enjoying
the scenery and its wild
plants and animals, as
well as any existing
cultural manifestations
(both past and present)
found in these areas
+ +
−
(+)
Laarman and Durst
(1987)
Nature tourism in which
the traveller is drawn to a
destination because of
his or her interest in one
or more features of that
destination’s natural
history. The visit
combines education,
recreation, and often
adventure
+ +
−
−
TIES (1991, 2015)
Responsible travel to
natural areas that
conserves the
environment, sustains
the well-being of the
local people, and
involves interpretation
and education
+
(+)
+
Goodwin (1996)
Low impact nature
tourism which
contributes to the
maintenance of species
and habitats either
directly through a
contribution to
conservation and/or
indirectly by providing
revenue to the local
community sufficient for
local people to value, and
therefore protect, their
wildlife heritage area as
a source of income
+ +
+
+
(continued)