Leisure Activities and Loneliness Among People with Disabilities
83
Paul C, Ayis S, Ebrahim S (2006) Psychological distress, loneliness and disability in old age. Psychol
Health Med 11(2):221–232
Pagan R (2011) Ageing and disability: job satisfaction differentials across Europe. Soc Sci Med
72:206–215
Pagan R (2015) How do leisure activities impact on life satisfaction? Evidence for German people
with disabilities. Appl Res Qual Life 10:557–572
Pagan R (2019) How important are holiday trips in preventing loneliness? Evidence for people
without and with self-reported moderate and severe disabilities. Curr Issues Tourism 23(11):1394–
1406
Peplau L, Perlman D (1982) Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy.
Wiley, New York
Rimmer J, Riley B, Wang E, Rauworth A, Jurkowski J (2004) Physical activity participation among
persons with disabilities: barriers and facilitators. Am J Prev Med 26(5):419–425
Rimmer J, Rowland J (2008) Health promotion for people with disabilities: implications for
empowering the person and promoting disability-friendly environments. Am J Lifestyle Med
2(5):409–420
Russell D (1996) UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure. J Pers
Assess 66(1):20–40
Sacrédeus B (2019) Easing the demographic tsunami. The parliament: politics, policy and people
magazine. Available at Retrieved 20 Feb 2020. https://www.theparliamentmagazine.eu/articles/
opinion/easing-demographic-sunami
Saygin Y, Akdeniz S, Deniz M (2015) Loneliness and interpersonal problem solving as predictors
of subjective wellbeing. Int J Inf Educ Technol 5(1):32–35
Sirgy M, Kruger P, Lee D, Grace B (2011) How does a travel trip affect tourists’ life satisfaction?
J Travel Res 50:261–275
Sirgy MJ, Uysal M, Kruger S (2017) Towards a benefits theory of leisure well-being. Appl Res
Qual Life 12:205–228
Smith R (1987) Leisure of disabled tourists: barriers to participation. Ann Tourism Res 14:376–389
Tanskanen J, Anttila T (2016) A prospective study of social isolation, loneliness, and mortality in
Finland. Am J Public Health 106(11):2042–2048
Toepoel V (2013) Ageing, leisure and social connectedness: how could leisure help reduce social
isolation of older people? Soc Indic Res 113:355–372
Valtorta N, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Ronzi S, Hanratty B (2016) Loneliness and social isolation as risk
factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal
observational studies. Heart 102(13):1009–1016
Victor C, Grenade L, Boldy D (2005) Measuring loneliness in later life: a comparison of differing
measures. Rev Clin Gerontol 15(1):63–70
Wade M, Hoover J (1985) Mental retardation as a constraint on leisure. In: Wade MG (ed) Constraints
on leisure. Charles C. Thomas, Chicago, IL
Wilson R, Krueger K, Arnold S, Schneider J, Kelly J, Barnes L, Bennett D (2007) Loneliness and
risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64(2):234–240
Ricardo Pagan is an associate professor in Economics at the University of Malaga (Spain), with
special interest in the situation of people with disabilities in all areas of society (labour markets,
leisure, tourism activities, accessibility, etc.), older people, gender inequalities, sleep, medical
tourism, wages, time use, working time, training, happiness, social capital and loneliness. He has
been a visiting professor at Cornell University (2007), and London School of Economics and
Political Science (2014, 2016–2019). He has also been the Head of the Chair ‘Tourism, Health and
Well-being’ at the University of Malaga (2013–2016). He has published widely on these topics in
journals of labour and health, economics, gerontology, psychology, and public health.
83
Paul C, Ayis S, Ebrahim S (2006) Psychological distress, loneliness and disability in old age. Psychol
Health Med 11(2):221–232
Pagan R (2011) Ageing and disability: job satisfaction differentials across Europe. Soc Sci Med
72:206–215
Pagan R (2015) How do leisure activities impact on life satisfaction? Evidence for German people
with disabilities. Appl Res Qual Life 10:557–572
Pagan R (2019) How important are holiday trips in preventing loneliness? Evidence for people
without and with self-reported moderate and severe disabilities. Curr Issues Tourism 23(11):1394–
1406
Peplau L, Perlman D (1982) Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy.
Wiley, New York
Rimmer J, Riley B, Wang E, Rauworth A, Jurkowski J (2004) Physical activity participation among
persons with disabilities: barriers and facilitators. Am J Prev Med 26(5):419–425
Rimmer J, Rowland J (2008) Health promotion for people with disabilities: implications for
empowering the person and promoting disability-friendly environments. Am J Lifestyle Med
2(5):409–420
Russell D (1996) UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure. J Pers
Assess 66(1):20–40
Sacrédeus B (2019) Easing the demographic tsunami. The parliament: politics, policy and people
magazine. Available at Retrieved 20 Feb 2020. https://www.theparliamentmagazine.eu/articles/
opinion/easing-demographic-sunami
Saygin Y, Akdeniz S, Deniz M (2015) Loneliness and interpersonal problem solving as predictors
of subjective wellbeing. Int J Inf Educ Technol 5(1):32–35
Sirgy M, Kruger P, Lee D, Grace B (2011) How does a travel trip affect tourists’ life satisfaction?
J Travel Res 50:261–275
Sirgy MJ, Uysal M, Kruger S (2017) Towards a benefits theory of leisure well-being. Appl Res
Qual Life 12:205–228
Smith R (1987) Leisure of disabled tourists: barriers to participation. Ann Tourism Res 14:376–389
Tanskanen J, Anttila T (2016) A prospective study of social isolation, loneliness, and mortality in
Finland. Am J Public Health 106(11):2042–2048
Toepoel V (2013) Ageing, leisure and social connectedness: how could leisure help reduce social
isolation of older people? Soc Indic Res 113:355–372
Valtorta N, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Ronzi S, Hanratty B (2016) Loneliness and social isolation as risk
factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal
observational studies. Heart 102(13):1009–1016
Victor C, Grenade L, Boldy D (2005) Measuring loneliness in later life: a comparison of differing
measures. Rev Clin Gerontol 15(1):63–70
Wade M, Hoover J (1985) Mental retardation as a constraint on leisure. In: Wade MG (ed) Constraints
on leisure. Charles C. Thomas, Chicago, IL
Wilson R, Krueger K, Arnold S, Schneider J, Kelly J, Barnes L, Bennett D (2007) Loneliness and
risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64(2):234–240
Ricardo Pagan is an associate professor in Economics at the University of Malaga (Spain), with
special interest in the situation of people with disabilities in all areas of society (labour markets,
leisure, tourism activities, accessibility, etc.), older people, gender inequalities, sleep, medical
tourism, wages, time use, working time, training, happiness, social capital and loneliness. He has
been a visiting professor at Cornell University (2007), and London School of Economics and
Political Science (2014, 2016–2019). He has also been the Head of the Chair ‘Tourism, Health and
Well-being’ at the University of Malaga (2013–2016). He has published widely on these topics in
journals of labour and health, economics, gerontology, psychology, and public health.