38
P. Lazo et al.
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
MAPE 62.8625
MAD
0.4209
MSD
0.3689
Accuracy Measures
n
S c
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Sc
Linear Trend Model
Sc = 0.918 - 0.0012×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
5
4
3
2
1
0
MAPE 53.2701
MAD
0.8005
MSD
1.0442
Accuracy Measures
n
L a
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for La
Linear Trend Model
La = 2.165 - 0.0052×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
10
8
6
4
2
0
MAPE 111.024
MAD
1.559
MSD
4.073
Accuracy Measures
n
C e
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Ce
Linear Trend Model
Ce = 4.068 - 0.0106×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
MAPE 54.8187
MAD
0.0761
MSD
0.0107
Accuracy Measures
Index
Y b
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Yb
Linear Trend Model
Yb = 0.1836 - 0.00053×n
Fig. 3.9 Spatial analysis plots of Sc, La, Ce and Yb
that suppose the presence of REEs in moss is probably derived from long-range atmospheric transport of pollutants and local inputs of air pollution from wind blowing
dust particles. The highest content of Ce and La was found in the same sampling
sites as Ti, Zr and Hf which linked to the area of the Young Neogene-Quaternary
volcanism in the north; carbonatic sandy sediments and Younger Quaternary sediments in the south, alluvial deposits of heavy sands, containing Zr and REE, as well
as the rutile and ilmenite (Milushi 2015). It probably indicates the effects of wind
blowing soil dust fine particles as an important local source of REEs. The effects of
wind blowing soil dust fine particles are confirmed by the values of the La/Yb ratios
that is an important representative parameter of the upper continental crust (Rudnick
and Gao 2003). The La/Yb ratio of the current moss samples (12 ± 3) is close to the
respective ratio of UCC, upper continental crust (15.5) (Rudnick and Gao 2003), by
indicating similar distribution pattern of REEs in moss samples and UCC (Allajbeu
et al. 2016). The local variations of REEs show also the impact of anthropogenic
sources such as iron metallurgy (St. 24) of Elbasan area.
P. Lazo et al.
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
MAPE 62.8625
MAD
0.4209
MSD
0.3689
Accuracy Measures
n
S c
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Sc
Linear Trend Model
Sc = 0.918 - 0.0012×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
5
4
3
2
1
0
MAPE 53.2701
MAD
0.8005
MSD
1.0442
Accuracy Measures
n
L a
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for La
Linear Trend Model
La = 2.165 - 0.0052×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
10
8
6
4
2
0
MAPE 111.024
MAD
1.559
MSD
4.073
Accuracy Measures
n
C e
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Ce
Linear Trend Model
Ce = 4.068 - 0.0106×n
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
1
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
MAPE 54.8187
MAD
0.0761
MSD
0.0107
Accuracy Measures
Index
Y b
Actual
Fits
Variable
Spatial Analysis Plot for Yb
Linear Trend Model
Yb = 0.1836 - 0.00053×n
Fig. 3.9 Spatial analysis plots of Sc, La, Ce and Yb
that suppose the presence of REEs in moss is probably derived from long-range atmospheric transport of pollutants and local inputs of air pollution from wind blowing
dust particles. The highest content of Ce and La was found in the same sampling
sites as Ti, Zr and Hf which linked to the area of the Young Neogene-Quaternary
volcanism in the north; carbonatic sandy sediments and Younger Quaternary sediments in the south, alluvial deposits of heavy sands, containing Zr and REE, as well
as the rutile and ilmenite (Milushi 2015). It probably indicates the effects of wind
blowing soil dust fine particles as an important local source of REEs. The effects of
wind blowing soil dust fine particles are confirmed by the values of the La/Yb ratios
that is an important representative parameter of the upper continental crust (Rudnick
and Gao 2003). The La/Yb ratio of the current moss samples (12 ± 3) is close to the
respective ratio of UCC, upper continental crust (15.5) (Rudnick and Gao 2003), by
indicating similar distribution pattern of REEs in moss samples and UCC (Allajbeu
et al. 2016). The local variations of REEs show also the impact of anthropogenic
sources such as iron metallurgy (St. 24) of Elbasan area.