Employing Input-Output Model to Assess …
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3.6.3 Different Types for Input–Output Analysis
The most basic models of IO analysis are the value model and the physical model.
They are model types divided according to different measurement units. The physical
IO model uses the physical quantity of the product as the unit of measurements, such
as kilometers, tons, kilograms, joules, and kilowatt-hours. This model can describe in
detail the interdependence of physical products in the production process. It is simple
and clear. Its application is based on the real economy. The calculation result will not
deviate greatly from the actual situation. It is operable with strong performance and
high application value. However, because the measurement unit of the physical IO
table has great limitations, the physical model is relatively monotonous and simple
in terms of expressing the relationship between economic quantities and is limited
to physical products in the field of expression, so it cannot fully reflect all economic
activities.
At the same time, the IO model that uses value as the unit of measurement is
value-based, such as RMB, US dollars, etc. The value-based model unifies the unit
of measurement of products produced by the industrial sector, increases the description space of the IO model, and improves the expressiveness of the model. The
value model can perform more comprehensively and systematically and reveal the
entire economic system. It shows its irreplaceable advantages in terms of economic
structure, economic relations, and economic proportional relations.
IO analysis technology is widely used in economic research and economic
management. According to different research subjects, different modeling scenarios,
and different research tasks, various IO models continue to appear. On the basis of the
two most basic models of physical and value, different types of models are compiled
in combination with the research characteristics of related fields and the tasks to be
completed. The more commonly used models in actual work are
(1) Regional IO model. The regional model needs to be closely integrated with
the characteristics of the region, such as the transfer and transfer of the region
must be considered. Regional models are generally more complex than national
models, but the main task of regional models is to study major issues such as
the economic structure and economic development within the region.
(2) Inter-regional IO model. The focus of the model is the economic exchanges and
economic ties between several regions. With the strengthening of the global
economic integration trend, countries around the world are paying more and
more attention to international economic ties, making the inter-regional model
a major research focus.
(3) Enterprise IO model. This is a major feature of my country’s application
of IO models. It mainly studies important issues such as enterprise internal
connections, product structure, product prices, cost accounting, and enterprise
development planning.
(4) Departmental IO model. For a department or enterprise (medium and large),
such as the energy industry sector or energy industry enterprise, etc., part of
the products produced by it are used as the final product of the enterprise (or
167
3.6.3 Different Types for Input–Output Analysis
The most basic models of IO analysis are the value model and the physical model.
They are model types divided according to different measurement units. The physical
IO model uses the physical quantity of the product as the unit of measurements, such
as kilometers, tons, kilograms, joules, and kilowatt-hours. This model can describe in
detail the interdependence of physical products in the production process. It is simple
and clear. Its application is based on the real economy. The calculation result will not
deviate greatly from the actual situation. It is operable with strong performance and
high application value. However, because the measurement unit of the physical IO
table has great limitations, the physical model is relatively monotonous and simple
in terms of expressing the relationship between economic quantities and is limited
to physical products in the field of expression, so it cannot fully reflect all economic
activities.
At the same time, the IO model that uses value as the unit of measurement is
value-based, such as RMB, US dollars, etc. The value-based model unifies the unit
of measurement of products produced by the industrial sector, increases the description space of the IO model, and improves the expressiveness of the model. The
value model can perform more comprehensively and systematically and reveal the
entire economic system. It shows its irreplaceable advantages in terms of economic
structure, economic relations, and economic proportional relations.
IO analysis technology is widely used in economic research and economic
management. According to different research subjects, different modeling scenarios,
and different research tasks, various IO models continue to appear. On the basis of the
two most basic models of physical and value, different types of models are compiled
in combination with the research characteristics of related fields and the tasks to be
completed. The more commonly used models in actual work are
(1) Regional IO model. The regional model needs to be closely integrated with
the characteristics of the region, such as the transfer and transfer of the region
must be considered. Regional models are generally more complex than national
models, but the main task of regional models is to study major issues such as
the economic structure and economic development within the region.
(2) Inter-regional IO model. The focus of the model is the economic exchanges and
economic ties between several regions. With the strengthening of the global
economic integration trend, countries around the world are paying more and
more attention to international economic ties, making the inter-regional model
a major research focus.
(3) Enterprise IO model. This is a major feature of my country’s application
of IO models. It mainly studies important issues such as enterprise internal
connections, product structure, product prices, cost accounting, and enterprise
development planning.
(4) Departmental IO model. For a department or enterprise (medium and large),
such as the energy industry sector or energy industry enterprise, etc., part of
the products produced by it are used as the final product of the enterprise (or