64
3 Chitin
Flores-Albino B, Arias L, Gomez J, Castillo A, Gimeno M, Shirai K (2012) CHitin and L (+) -lactic
acid production from crab (Callinectes bellicosus) wastes by fermentation of Lactobacillus sp.
B2 using sugar cane molasses as carbon source. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 35:1193–1200
Friedman AJ, Phan J, Schaire D, Champer J, Qin M, Pirouz A, Blecher K, Oren A, Liu P, Modlin
RL, Kim J (2013) J Invest Dermatol 133(5):1231–1239
Frost SJ, Mawad D, Higgins MJ, Ruprai H, Kuchel R, Tilley RD, Myers S, Hook JM, Lauto A
(2016) NPG Asia Mater 8(73):1–9
Future Market Insights (2019) Chitin market: agrochemical end use industry segment inclined
towards high growth—moderate value during the forecast period: global industry analysis (2012–
2016) and opportunity assessment (2017–2027). REF-GB-313, pp 1–236
Gadgey KK, Bahekar A (2017) Studies on extraction methods of chitin from crab shell and
investigation of its mechanical properties. Int J Mech Eng Technol 8(2):220–231
Gibot L, Chabaud S, Bouhout S, Bolduc S, Augner FA, Moulin VJ (2015) Anticancer properties of
chitosan on human melanoma are cell line dependent. Int J Biol Macromol 72:370–379
Gil-Duran S, Arola D, Ossa EA (2016) Effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the
mechanical behaviour of fish scales from Megalops atlanticus. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
56(2016):134–145
Gooday GW (1990) The ecology of chitin degradation. Adv Microb Ecol 11:387–430
Gortari MC, Hours RA (2013) Biotechnological processes for chitin recovery out of crustacean
waste: a mini-review. Electron J Biotechnol 16(3):1–19
Hassainia A, Satha H, Boufi S (2018) Chitin from Agaricus bisporus: extraction and characterization.
Int J Biol Macromol 117:1334–1342
Hulsey MJ (2018) Shell biorefinery: a comprehensive introduction. Green Energy Environ 3:318–
327
Ifuku S, Nomura R, Morimoto M, Saimoto H (2011) Preparation of chitin nanofibers from
mushrooms. Materials 4:1417–1425
Jacobs E (2007) Topically applied glucosamine sulfate and all its related, precursor, and derivative
compounds significantly increases the skin’s natural production of hyaluronic acid for the rejuvenation of healthier younger-looking skin: while phosphatidylcholine is required to replace its
deficiency caused by topical dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE). US Pastent US2007/0092469 A1.
Vienna (US)
Jin J, Lee G, Im H, Han YC, Jeong EG, Rolandi M, Choi KC, Bae RS (2016) Chitin nanofiber
flexible transparent paper for flexible green electronics. Adv Mater 28(26):5169–5175
Kalut SA (2008) Enhancement of degree of deacetylation of chitin in chitosan production, B.
Chemical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, pp 14–15
Kanatt SR, Rao MS, Chawla SP, Sharma A (2013) Effects of chitosan coating on shelf-life of
ready-to-cook meat products during chilled storage. LWT-Food Sci Technol 53:321–326
Kaya M, Mujtaba M, Ehrlich H, Salaberria AM, Baran T, Amemiya CT, Galli R, Akyuz L, Sargin
I, Labidi J (2017) On chemistry of gama- chitin. Carbohydr Polym 176:177–186
Koping-Hoggard M, Varum KM, Issa M, Danielsen S, Christensen BE, Stokke BT, Artursson P
(2004) Improved chitosan-mediated gene delivery based on easily dissociated chitosan polyplexes
of highly defined chitosan oligomers. Gene Ther 11:1441–1452
Lallana E, Rois de la Rosa JM Tirella A, Pelliccia M, Gennari A, Stratford IJ, Puri S, Ashford
m, Tirelli N (2017) Chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: rational design revisited for RNA
delivery. Mol Pharm 14(7):2422–2436
Lantos PR (1988) Plastics in medical applications. J Biomater Appl 2(3):358–371
Lauto A, Mawad D, Barton M, Gupta A, Piller SC, Hook J (2010) Photochemical tissue bonding
with chitosan adhesive films. BioMed Eng Online 9(47):1–11
Liu S, Sun J, Yu L, Zhang C, Bi J, Zhu F, Jiang MQC, Yang Q (2012) Extraction and characterization
of chitin from the beetle Holotrichiaparallela Mots chulsky. Molecules 17:4604–4611
Majekodunmi SO (2016) Current development of extraction, characterization and evaluation of
properties of chitosan and its use in medicine and pharmaceutical industry. Am J Polym Sci
6(3):86–91
3 Chitin
Flores-Albino B, Arias L, Gomez J, Castillo A, Gimeno M, Shirai K (2012) CHitin and L (+) -lactic
acid production from crab (Callinectes bellicosus) wastes by fermentation of Lactobacillus sp.
B2 using sugar cane molasses as carbon source. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 35:1193–1200
Friedman AJ, Phan J, Schaire D, Champer J, Qin M, Pirouz A, Blecher K, Oren A, Liu P, Modlin
RL, Kim J (2013) J Invest Dermatol 133(5):1231–1239
Frost SJ, Mawad D, Higgins MJ, Ruprai H, Kuchel R, Tilley RD, Myers S, Hook JM, Lauto A
(2016) NPG Asia Mater 8(73):1–9
Future Market Insights (2019) Chitin market: agrochemical end use industry segment inclined
towards high growth—moderate value during the forecast period: global industry analysis (2012–
2016) and opportunity assessment (2017–2027). REF-GB-313, pp 1–236
Gadgey KK, Bahekar A (2017) Studies on extraction methods of chitin from crab shell and
investigation of its mechanical properties. Int J Mech Eng Technol 8(2):220–231
Gibot L, Chabaud S, Bouhout S, Bolduc S, Augner FA, Moulin VJ (2015) Anticancer properties of
chitosan on human melanoma are cell line dependent. Int J Biol Macromol 72:370–379
Gil-Duran S, Arola D, Ossa EA (2016) Effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the
mechanical behaviour of fish scales from Megalops atlanticus. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
56(2016):134–145
Gooday GW (1990) The ecology of chitin degradation. Adv Microb Ecol 11:387–430
Gortari MC, Hours RA (2013) Biotechnological processes for chitin recovery out of crustacean
waste: a mini-review. Electron J Biotechnol 16(3):1–19
Hassainia A, Satha H, Boufi S (2018) Chitin from Agaricus bisporus: extraction and characterization.
Int J Biol Macromol 117:1334–1342
Hulsey MJ (2018) Shell biorefinery: a comprehensive introduction. Green Energy Environ 3:318–
327
Ifuku S, Nomura R, Morimoto M, Saimoto H (2011) Preparation of chitin nanofibers from
mushrooms. Materials 4:1417–1425
Jacobs E (2007) Topically applied glucosamine sulfate and all its related, precursor, and derivative
compounds significantly increases the skin’s natural production of hyaluronic acid for the rejuvenation of healthier younger-looking skin: while phosphatidylcholine is required to replace its
deficiency caused by topical dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE). US Pastent US2007/0092469 A1.
Vienna (US)
Jin J, Lee G, Im H, Han YC, Jeong EG, Rolandi M, Choi KC, Bae RS (2016) Chitin nanofiber
flexible transparent paper for flexible green electronics. Adv Mater 28(26):5169–5175
Kalut SA (2008) Enhancement of degree of deacetylation of chitin in chitosan production, B.
Chemical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, pp 14–15
Kanatt SR, Rao MS, Chawla SP, Sharma A (2013) Effects of chitosan coating on shelf-life of
ready-to-cook meat products during chilled storage. LWT-Food Sci Technol 53:321–326
Kaya M, Mujtaba M, Ehrlich H, Salaberria AM, Baran T, Amemiya CT, Galli R, Akyuz L, Sargin
I, Labidi J (2017) On chemistry of gama- chitin. Carbohydr Polym 176:177–186
Koping-Hoggard M, Varum KM, Issa M, Danielsen S, Christensen BE, Stokke BT, Artursson P
(2004) Improved chitosan-mediated gene delivery based on easily dissociated chitosan polyplexes
of highly defined chitosan oligomers. Gene Ther 11:1441–1452
Lallana E, Rois de la Rosa JM Tirella A, Pelliccia M, Gennari A, Stratford IJ, Puri S, Ashford
m, Tirelli N (2017) Chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: rational design revisited for RNA
delivery. Mol Pharm 14(7):2422–2436
Lantos PR (1988) Plastics in medical applications. J Biomater Appl 2(3):358–371
Lauto A, Mawad D, Barton M, Gupta A, Piller SC, Hook J (2010) Photochemical tissue bonding
with chitosan adhesive films. BioMed Eng Online 9(47):1–11
Liu S, Sun J, Yu L, Zhang C, Bi J, Zhu F, Jiang MQC, Yang Q (2012) Extraction and characterization
of chitin from the beetle Holotrichiaparallela Mots chulsky. Molecules 17:4604–4611
Majekodunmi SO (2016) Current development of extraction, characterization and evaluation of
properties of chitosan and its use in medicine and pharmaceutical industry. Am J Polym Sci
6(3):86–91