11.5 Extraction of Enzymes from Aquatic Organisms
247
higher molecular weights of lipase from SDS-PAGE analysis. For example, Yuan
et al. (2016) reported lipase extracted from marine bacteria with a molecular weight
of 29 kDa.
The enzyme activity varies depending on the organism it is sourced from.
Table 11.2 compares the enzyme activity of some enzymes from different species of
fish, algae, microorganisms and the giant deep-sea amphipod H. gigas. The different
units are given as presented in the different studies to measure enzyme activities. In
the study carried out of H. gigas (Kobayashi et al. 2012), the enzyme activity of the
different enzymes present in the deep-sea residing amphipod varied significantly for
each enzyme. The amylase activity 112.1 mU/μg is much higher than the cellulase
activity. The activity of the other enzymes, protease, xylanase and mannanase is even
much lower. This is indicative of the types of nutrients available to the organisms for
energy and growth.
Table 11.2 Enzyme activity of protease and lipase from different sources
Enzyme
Source
Activity
References
Lipase
Ulva lactuca (Puducherry) 0.057 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Enteromorpha compressa
(Puducherry)
0.062 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Gelidium pusillum
(Kovalam)
0.086 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Chaetomorpha antenna
(Puducherry)
0.068
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Marine bacteria
Pseudomonas
1.763 U/mg
Sivasubramani et al.
(2013)
Lipase
Bacteria from Antarctic
water Arthrobacter
gangotriensis
7.894 U/mg
Rashidah et al. (2006)
Protease
Red snapper
Crude: 3.79 U/mg
Purified: 58.80 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Great barracuda
Crude: 1.51 U/mg
Purified: 35.17 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Sardines
Crude: 2.32 U/mg
Purified: 36.04 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Milk shark
Crude: 1.53 U/mg
Purified: 26.43 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Aureobasidium pullulans
(marine yeast)
Purified: 623.1 U/mg Zhang and Kim (2010)
Amylase
H. gigas
112.1 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Mannanase H. gigas
8.22 μU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Cellulase
H. gigas
3.42 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Protease
H. gigas
0.26 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
247
higher molecular weights of lipase from SDS-PAGE analysis. For example, Yuan
et al. (2016) reported lipase extracted from marine bacteria with a molecular weight
of 29 kDa.
The enzyme activity varies depending on the organism it is sourced from.
Table 11.2 compares the enzyme activity of some enzymes from different species of
fish, algae, microorganisms and the giant deep-sea amphipod H. gigas. The different
units are given as presented in the different studies to measure enzyme activities. In
the study carried out of H. gigas (Kobayashi et al. 2012), the enzyme activity of the
different enzymes present in the deep-sea residing amphipod varied significantly for
each enzyme. The amylase activity 112.1 mU/μg is much higher than the cellulase
activity. The activity of the other enzymes, protease, xylanase and mannanase is even
much lower. This is indicative of the types of nutrients available to the organisms for
energy and growth.
Table 11.2 Enzyme activity of protease and lipase from different sources
Enzyme
Source
Activity
References
Lipase
Ulva lactuca (Puducherry) 0.057 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Enteromorpha compressa
(Puducherry)
0.062 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Gelidium pusillum
(Kovalam)
0.086 meq/min/g
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Chaetomorpha antenna
(Puducherry)
0.068
Bele et al. (2014a, b)
Lipase
Marine bacteria
Pseudomonas
1.763 U/mg
Sivasubramani et al.
(2013)
Lipase
Bacteria from Antarctic
water Arthrobacter
gangotriensis
7.894 U/mg
Rashidah et al. (2006)
Protease
Red snapper
Crude: 3.79 U/mg
Purified: 58.80 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Great barracuda
Crude: 1.51 U/mg
Purified: 35.17 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Sardines
Crude: 2.32 U/mg
Purified: 36.04 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Milk shark
Crude: 1.53 U/mg
Purified: 26.43 U/mg
Jayapriya et al. (2014)
Protease
Aureobasidium pullulans
(marine yeast)
Purified: 623.1 U/mg Zhang and Kim (2010)
Amylase
H. gigas
112.1 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Mannanase H. gigas
8.22 μU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Cellulase
H. gigas
3.42 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)
Protease
H. gigas
0.26 mU/μg
Kobayashi et al. (2012)