9.9 Conclusion
209
includes food preservation and in the production of bioethanol. The environmental
impact of the extraction process lies in the consumption of fossil energy to power the
processes, the land-use change and CO 2 emissions in the transportation and packaging processes. This is weighed against the CO 2 consumed during the process of
cultivation of the algae, the use of algae to clean polluted water and the potential for
use in the replacement of fossil-based fuel if the process of bioethanol production
from laminarin is commercialized.
References
Abraham RE, Su P, Puri M, Raston CL, Zhang W (2019) Optimization of biorefinery of alginate,
fucoidan and laminarin from brown seaweed Durvillaea potatorum. Algal Res 38. Article 101389
Beattie A, Hirst EL, Percival E (1961) Studies on the metabolism of the Chrysophyceae. Comparative structural investigations on leucosin (chrysolaminarin) separated from diatoms and laminarin
from brown algae. Biochem J 79:531–537
Bouwhuis MA, Sweeney T, Mukhopadhyay A, McDonnell MJ, O’Doherty JV (2017) Maternal
laminarin supplementation decreases Salmonella typhimurium shedding and intestinal health in
piglets following an experimental challenge with S. typhimurium post-weaning. Anim Feed Sci
Technol 223:156–168
Caballero MA, Jallet D, Shi L, Rithner C, Zhang Y, Peers G (2016) Quantification of chrysolaminarin
from the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Algal Res 20:180–188
Caipang CMA, Lazado CC (2015) Nutritional impacts on fish mucosa: immunostimulants, pre- and
probiotics. In: Beck BH, Peatman E (eds) Mucosal health and aquaculture, pp 211–272
Chen Y, Chen J, Kuo Y, Lin Y, Huang C (2016) Lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding
protein (LGBP) bind to seaweed polysaccharides and activate the prophenoloxidase system in
white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Dev Comp Immunol 55:144–151
Chetia L, Kalita D, Ahmed GA (2017) Synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using diatom cells for ammonia
sensing. Sens Bio-Sensing Res 16:55–61
Deville C, Damas J, Forget P, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O (2004) Laminarin in the dietary fibre concept.
J Sci Food Agric 84:1030–1038
Deville C, Gharbi M, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O (2007) Study on the effects of laminarin, a
polysaccharide from seaweed, on gut characteristics. J Sci Food Agric 87:1717–1725
FAO (2018) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018: meeting the sustainable development
goals. Rome. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. ISBN 978-92-5-130562-1
Hildebrand M, Manandhar-Shrestha MK, Abbriano R (2017) Effects of chrysolaminarin synthase knockdown in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: implications of reduced carbohydrate
storage relative to green algae. Algal Res 23:66–77
Horn SJ, Aasen IM, Ostgaard K (2000) Ethanol production from seaweed extract. J Ind Microbiol
Biotechnol 25(5):249–254
Hrmova M, Fincher GB (2009) Plant and microbial enzymes involved in the depolymerization
of (1,3)-β-D-glucans and related polysaccharides. In: Bacic A, Fincher GB, Stone BA (eds)
Chemistry, biochemistry and biology of 1-3 beta glucans and related polysaccharides. Academic
Press, pp 119–170
Irfan M, Kwon TH, Yun BS, Park NH, Rhee MH (2018) Eisenia bicyclis (brown alga) modulates
platelet function and inhibits thrombus formation via impaired P2Y12 receptor signaling pathway.
Phytomedicine 1(4):79–87
Ji CF, Ji YB (2014) Laminarin-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer LoVo cells. Oncol Lett
7(5):1728–1732
209
includes food preservation and in the production of bioethanol. The environmental
impact of the extraction process lies in the consumption of fossil energy to power the
processes, the land-use change and CO 2 emissions in the transportation and packaging processes. This is weighed against the CO 2 consumed during the process of
cultivation of the algae, the use of algae to clean polluted water and the potential for
use in the replacement of fossil-based fuel if the process of bioethanol production
from laminarin is commercialized.
References
Abraham RE, Su P, Puri M, Raston CL, Zhang W (2019) Optimization of biorefinery of alginate,
fucoidan and laminarin from brown seaweed Durvillaea potatorum. Algal Res 38. Article 101389
Beattie A, Hirst EL, Percival E (1961) Studies on the metabolism of the Chrysophyceae. Comparative structural investigations on leucosin (chrysolaminarin) separated from diatoms and laminarin
from brown algae. Biochem J 79:531–537
Bouwhuis MA, Sweeney T, Mukhopadhyay A, McDonnell MJ, O’Doherty JV (2017) Maternal
laminarin supplementation decreases Salmonella typhimurium shedding and intestinal health in
piglets following an experimental challenge with S. typhimurium post-weaning. Anim Feed Sci
Technol 223:156–168
Caballero MA, Jallet D, Shi L, Rithner C, Zhang Y, Peers G (2016) Quantification of chrysolaminarin
from the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Algal Res 20:180–188
Caipang CMA, Lazado CC (2015) Nutritional impacts on fish mucosa: immunostimulants, pre- and
probiotics. In: Beck BH, Peatman E (eds) Mucosal health and aquaculture, pp 211–272
Chen Y, Chen J, Kuo Y, Lin Y, Huang C (2016) Lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding
protein (LGBP) bind to seaweed polysaccharides and activate the prophenoloxidase system in
white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Dev Comp Immunol 55:144–151
Chetia L, Kalita D, Ahmed GA (2017) Synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using diatom cells for ammonia
sensing. Sens Bio-Sensing Res 16:55–61
Deville C, Damas J, Forget P, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O (2004) Laminarin in the dietary fibre concept.
J Sci Food Agric 84:1030–1038
Deville C, Gharbi M, Dandrifosse G, Peulen O (2007) Study on the effects of laminarin, a
polysaccharide from seaweed, on gut characteristics. J Sci Food Agric 87:1717–1725
FAO (2018) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018: meeting the sustainable development
goals. Rome. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. ISBN 978-92-5-130562-1
Hildebrand M, Manandhar-Shrestha MK, Abbriano R (2017) Effects of chrysolaminarin synthase knockdown in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: implications of reduced carbohydrate
storage relative to green algae. Algal Res 23:66–77
Horn SJ, Aasen IM, Ostgaard K (2000) Ethanol production from seaweed extract. J Ind Microbiol
Biotechnol 25(5):249–254
Hrmova M, Fincher GB (2009) Plant and microbial enzymes involved in the depolymerization
of (1,3)-β-D-glucans and related polysaccharides. In: Bacic A, Fincher GB, Stone BA (eds)
Chemistry, biochemistry and biology of 1-3 beta glucans and related polysaccharides. Academic
Press, pp 119–170
Irfan M, Kwon TH, Yun BS, Park NH, Rhee MH (2018) Eisenia bicyclis (brown alga) modulates
platelet function and inhibits thrombus formation via impaired P2Y12 receptor signaling pathway.
Phytomedicine 1(4):79–87
Ji CF, Ji YB (2014) Laminarin-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer LoVo cells. Oncol Lett
7(5):1728–1732