many studies have vouched for the effective regeneration of NC-based adsorbents,
and this could be a plausible future avenue to delve into. By the same token, costeffective, safe, and easy functionalization strategies would be critical to improving
the dispersibility of NCs within hydrophobic polymeric supports, employed in
commercial filtration membranes. Although nanocellulosic materials are considered
“green,” howbeit, an all-inclusive life-cycle assessment, starting from extraction to
the fabrication of NC-based products, biodegradation profiling, as well as in vitro
and in vivo toxicity assessments, to gauge the biointerfacial actions would be
indispensable to bring out the real worth of cellulosic nanomaterials for environmental applications. Nevertheless, on a concluding note, we would like to state that
cellulosic nanomaterials could serve as a befitting testimony to the concept of “the
power of the small to bring mammoth changes for a better tomorrow.”
References
Abitbol T, Rivkin A, Cao Y, Nevo Y, Abraham E, Ben-Shalom T, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O (2016)
Nanocellulose, a tiny fiber with huge applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 39:76–88
Abraham E, Weber DE, Sharon S, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O (2017) Multifunctional cellulosic
scaffolds from modified cellulose nanocrystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(3):2010–2015
Afrin S, Karim Z (2017) Isolation and surface modification of nanocellulose: necessity of enzymes
over chemicals. Chem Bio Eng Rev 4(5):289–303
Ahorsu R, Medina F, Constantí M (2018) Significance and challenges of biomass as a suitable
feedstock for bioenergy and biochemical production: A review. Energies 11(12):3366
Al Hakkak J, Grigsby WJ, Kathirgamanathan K, Edmonds NR (2019) Generation of spherical
cellulose nanoparticles from ionic liquid processing via novel nonsolvent addition and drying.
Adv Material Sci Eng 2019:2081027
Amoroso L, Muratore G, Ortenzi MA, Gazzotti S, Limbo S, Piergiovanni L (2020) Fast production
of cellulose nanocrystals by hydrolytic-oxidative microwave-assisted treatment. Polymers 12
(1):68
An VN, Nhan HTC, Tap TD, Van TTT, Van Viet P (2020) Extraction of high crystalline
nanocellulose from biorenewable sources of Vietnamese agricultural wastes. J Polym Environ
28:1–10
Anirudhan TS, Deepa JR, Binusreejayan S (2015) Characterization of multicarboxyl-functionalized
nanocellulose/nanobentonite composite for the adsorption of uranium (VI) from aqueous
solutions: kinetic and equilibrium profiles. Chem Eng J 273:390–400
Anirudhan TS, Deepa JR, Christa J (2016) Nanocellulose/nanobentonite composite anchored with
multi-carboxyl functional groups as an adsorbent for the effective removal of Cobalt(II) from
nuclear industry wastewater samples. J Colloid Interface Sci 467:307–320
Araki J, Miyayama M (2020) Wet spinning of cellulose nanowhiskers; fiber yarns obtained only
from colloidal cellulose crystals. Polymer 188:122116
Araújo R, Casal M, Cavaco-Paulo A (2008) Application of enzymes for textile fibres processing.
Biocatal Biotransformation 26(5):332–349
Babicka M, Woźniak M, Dwiecki K, Borysiak S, Ratajczak I (2020) Preparation of nanocellulose
using ionic liquids: 1-Propyl-3-Methylimidazolium chloride and 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium
chloride. Molecules 25(7):1544
Baruah J, Nath BK, Sharma R, Kumar S, Deka RC, Baruah DC, Kalita E (2018) Recent trends in the
pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for value-added products. Front Energ Res 6:141
4 Harnessing the Sustainable Bioresource, Cellulose at the Nanoscale for. . .
85
and this could be a plausible future avenue to delve into. By the same token, costeffective, safe, and easy functionalization strategies would be critical to improving
the dispersibility of NCs within hydrophobic polymeric supports, employed in
commercial filtration membranes. Although nanocellulosic materials are considered
“green,” howbeit, an all-inclusive life-cycle assessment, starting from extraction to
the fabrication of NC-based products, biodegradation profiling, as well as in vitro
and in vivo toxicity assessments, to gauge the biointerfacial actions would be
indispensable to bring out the real worth of cellulosic nanomaterials for environmental applications. Nevertheless, on a concluding note, we would like to state that
cellulosic nanomaterials could serve as a befitting testimony to the concept of “the
power of the small to bring mammoth changes for a better tomorrow.”
References
Abitbol T, Rivkin A, Cao Y, Nevo Y, Abraham E, Ben-Shalom T, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O (2016)
Nanocellulose, a tiny fiber with huge applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 39:76–88
Abraham E, Weber DE, Sharon S, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O (2017) Multifunctional cellulosic
scaffolds from modified cellulose nanocrystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(3):2010–2015
Afrin S, Karim Z (2017) Isolation and surface modification of nanocellulose: necessity of enzymes
over chemicals. Chem Bio Eng Rev 4(5):289–303
Ahorsu R, Medina F, Constantí M (2018) Significance and challenges of biomass as a suitable
feedstock for bioenergy and biochemical production: A review. Energies 11(12):3366
Al Hakkak J, Grigsby WJ, Kathirgamanathan K, Edmonds NR (2019) Generation of spherical
cellulose nanoparticles from ionic liquid processing via novel nonsolvent addition and drying.
Adv Material Sci Eng 2019:2081027
Amoroso L, Muratore G, Ortenzi MA, Gazzotti S, Limbo S, Piergiovanni L (2020) Fast production
of cellulose nanocrystals by hydrolytic-oxidative microwave-assisted treatment. Polymers 12
(1):68
An VN, Nhan HTC, Tap TD, Van TTT, Van Viet P (2020) Extraction of high crystalline
nanocellulose from biorenewable sources of Vietnamese agricultural wastes. J Polym Environ
28:1–10
Anirudhan TS, Deepa JR, Binusreejayan S (2015) Characterization of multicarboxyl-functionalized
nanocellulose/nanobentonite composite for the adsorption of uranium (VI) from aqueous
solutions: kinetic and equilibrium profiles. Chem Eng J 273:390–400
Anirudhan TS, Deepa JR, Christa J (2016) Nanocellulose/nanobentonite composite anchored with
multi-carboxyl functional groups as an adsorbent for the effective removal of Cobalt(II) from
nuclear industry wastewater samples. J Colloid Interface Sci 467:307–320
Araki J, Miyayama M (2020) Wet spinning of cellulose nanowhiskers; fiber yarns obtained only
from colloidal cellulose crystals. Polymer 188:122116
Araújo R, Casal M, Cavaco-Paulo A (2008) Application of enzymes for textile fibres processing.
Biocatal Biotransformation 26(5):332–349
Babicka M, Woźniak M, Dwiecki K, Borysiak S, Ratajczak I (2020) Preparation of nanocellulose
using ionic liquids: 1-Propyl-3-Methylimidazolium chloride and 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium
chloride. Molecules 25(7):1544
Baruah J, Nath BK, Sharma R, Kumar S, Deka RC, Baruah DC, Kalita E (2018) Recent trends in the
pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for value-added products. Front Energ Res 6:141
4 Harnessing the Sustainable Bioresource, Cellulose at the Nanoscale for. . .
85