agents provide incentives to industries for adopting the least cost pollution abatement technologies. But an increase in Research and Development (R&D) expenditure is important to construct a cleaner production process. Also, collaboration with
private entities will strengthen plans to develop eco-friendly technologies. To
develop a harmonized control mechanism, integrated water resource management
is necessary that includes water conservation, water harvesting, and waste management. Above all, it has to be realized that the existing policy framework has to be
amended or adopted to be in line with the latest standards and principles to control
the water-related disease.
7 Conclusion
All these information are explaining the fact that water pollution poses a stern
warning to human health. Harmful consequences of contaminated water to human
health are already being felt and could become worse in the days to come if it goes
unchecked. India’s water consumption per head is on the rise along with increased
demand for water-intensive products. Therefore, it becomes much more important to
conserve the water resources and not to pollute them with non-degradable wastes.
India has made substantial progress in combating the health impact of water pollution. Despite the various policy decisions and actions taken by the pollution
governing body, India is still vulnerable to water pollution. Enactment of laws and
creating institutional structures are not sufficient enough to address the impending
environmental problem. The government should strengthen the institutions by
providing more autonomy to deal with the tribulations of water pollution. Participation of all the stakeholders in the management of water resources should be encouraged and eco-engineering can also be taken up for rejuvenating the waterways of the
country. Above all, reducing water pollution to safe limits will reduce economic
losses arise due to illness.
References
Ambast SK, Tyagi NK, Raul SK (2006) Management of declining groundwater in the trans indoGangetic plain (India): some options. Agric Water Manag 82(3):279–296
Bhavnani D, Goldstick Jason E, Cevellos W, Trueba G, Eisenberg Joseph NS (2014) Impact of
rainfall on Diarrhoeal diseases risk associated with unimproved water and sanitation. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 90(4):701–705
Bhullar L (2013) Ensuring safe municipal wastewater disposal in India: is there a legal basis? J
Environ Law 25(2):235–260
Chakraborty D, Mukhopadhyay K (2014) Water pollution and abatement policy in India: a study
from an economic perspective, Global issues in water policy 10. Springer, Dordrecht
Chakraborty D, Sengupta MK, Rahman MM, Ahmad S, Chowdhury UK, Mukherjee SC (2004)
Groundwater arsenic contamination and its health effects in Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra plain.
J Environ Monit 6:74–83
19 Health Impacts of Contaminated Water in India: Coping Strategies for. . .
401
private entities will strengthen plans to develop eco-friendly technologies. To
develop a harmonized control mechanism, integrated water resource management
is necessary that includes water conservation, water harvesting, and waste management. Above all, it has to be realized that the existing policy framework has to be
amended or adopted to be in line with the latest standards and principles to control
the water-related disease.
7 Conclusion
All these information are explaining the fact that water pollution poses a stern
warning to human health. Harmful consequences of contaminated water to human
health are already being felt and could become worse in the days to come if it goes
unchecked. India’s water consumption per head is on the rise along with increased
demand for water-intensive products. Therefore, it becomes much more important to
conserve the water resources and not to pollute them with non-degradable wastes.
India has made substantial progress in combating the health impact of water pollution. Despite the various policy decisions and actions taken by the pollution
governing body, India is still vulnerable to water pollution. Enactment of laws and
creating institutional structures are not sufficient enough to address the impending
environmental problem. The government should strengthen the institutions by
providing more autonomy to deal with the tribulations of water pollution. Participation of all the stakeholders in the management of water resources should be encouraged and eco-engineering can also be taken up for rejuvenating the waterways of the
country. Above all, reducing water pollution to safe limits will reduce economic
losses arise due to illness.
References
Ambast SK, Tyagi NK, Raul SK (2006) Management of declining groundwater in the trans indoGangetic plain (India): some options. Agric Water Manag 82(3):279–296
Bhavnani D, Goldstick Jason E, Cevellos W, Trueba G, Eisenberg Joseph NS (2014) Impact of
rainfall on Diarrhoeal diseases risk associated with unimproved water and sanitation. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 90(4):701–705
Bhullar L (2013) Ensuring safe municipal wastewater disposal in India: is there a legal basis? J
Environ Law 25(2):235–260
Chakraborty D, Mukhopadhyay K (2014) Water pollution and abatement policy in India: a study
from an economic perspective, Global issues in water policy 10. Springer, Dordrecht
Chakraborty D, Sengupta MK, Rahman MM, Ahmad S, Chowdhury UK, Mukherjee SC (2004)
Groundwater arsenic contamination and its health effects in Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra plain.
J Environ Monit 6:74–83
19 Health Impacts of Contaminated Water in India: Coping Strategies for. . .
401