organisms to make the process economically viable. Moreover, nutrient cost and
aeration and agitation costs add extra economic burden in large-scale applications.
Development of new bioremediation methods for the removal of dyes has been in
intense research. However, there is a significant gap between laboratory experiments
and industrial application. Efforts should be made to minimize this gap so that
experiments can be conducted on large-scale applications. Hence, new technologies
and strategies need to be developed for the wide application of bioremediation in
large-scale industries.
6 Conclusions
Bioremediation is one of the promising technologies used in the treatment of
industrial dye effluents. Biological materials possess the required genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics for the efficient removal of dyes from the
effluents, and these characteristics establish them as the ultimate choice in the
decontamination of soil and water. Several research studies demonstrate that bioremediation of dyes present in textile industry effluents is simple, efficient, and
economical. However, broad screening of organisms should be undertaken for the
effective removal of dyes.
Utilization of industrial waste biomass for dye removal has gained momentum in
recent years. Strategies must be developed for the utilization of highly growing
plants and living organisms for bioremediation as well as for the production of
valuable products such as biofuels, alcohol, organic acids, etc. Technological
advances and a better understanding of structural and functional behavior of
microbes establish bioremediation as an alternative to conventional physicochemical
dye removal methods.
References
Abbas SH, Ismail IM, Mostafa TM, Sulaymon AH (2014) Biosorption of heavy metals: a review. J
Chem Sci & Technol 3:74–102
Abbas N, Hussain S, Azeem F et al (2016) Characterization of a salt resistant bacterial strain Proteus
sp. NA6 capable of decolorizing reactive dyes in presence of multi-metal stress. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol 32(11):181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-016-2141-1
Afshin S, Mokhtari SA, Vosoughi M, Sadeghi H, Rashtbari Y (2018) Data of adsorption of Basic
Blue 41 dye from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from filamentous algae. Data
Brief 21:1008–1013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.023
Aksu Z, Donmez G (2005) Studied the combine effect of molasses sucrose and Remazole Blue or
Remazole Black B reactive dye on the growth and bioaccumulation properties of adapted
Candida tropicalis. Process Biochem 40:2443–2453
Aksu Z, Karabayir G (2008) Comparison of biosorption properties of different kinds of fungi for the
removal of Gryfalan Black RL metal-complex dye. Bioresour Technol 99:7730–7741. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.056
188
N. S. KV
aeration and agitation costs add extra economic burden in large-scale applications.
Development of new bioremediation methods for the removal of dyes has been in
intense research. However, there is a significant gap between laboratory experiments
and industrial application. Efforts should be made to minimize this gap so that
experiments can be conducted on large-scale applications. Hence, new technologies
and strategies need to be developed for the wide application of bioremediation in
large-scale industries.
6 Conclusions
Bioremediation is one of the promising technologies used in the treatment of
industrial dye effluents. Biological materials possess the required genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics for the efficient removal of dyes from the
effluents, and these characteristics establish them as the ultimate choice in the
decontamination of soil and water. Several research studies demonstrate that bioremediation of dyes present in textile industry effluents is simple, efficient, and
economical. However, broad screening of organisms should be undertaken for the
effective removal of dyes.
Utilization of industrial waste biomass for dye removal has gained momentum in
recent years. Strategies must be developed for the utilization of highly growing
plants and living organisms for bioremediation as well as for the production of
valuable products such as biofuels, alcohol, organic acids, etc. Technological
advances and a better understanding of structural and functional behavior of
microbes establish bioremediation as an alternative to conventional physicochemical
dye removal methods.
References
Abbas SH, Ismail IM, Mostafa TM, Sulaymon AH (2014) Biosorption of heavy metals: a review. J
Chem Sci & Technol 3:74–102
Abbas N, Hussain S, Azeem F et al (2016) Characterization of a salt resistant bacterial strain Proteus
sp. NA6 capable of decolorizing reactive dyes in presence of multi-metal stress. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol 32(11):181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-016-2141-1
Afshin S, Mokhtari SA, Vosoughi M, Sadeghi H, Rashtbari Y (2018) Data of adsorption of Basic
Blue 41 dye from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from filamentous algae. Data
Brief 21:1008–1013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.023
Aksu Z, Donmez G (2005) Studied the combine effect of molasses sucrose and Remazole Blue or
Remazole Black B reactive dye on the growth and bioaccumulation properties of adapted
Candida tropicalis. Process Biochem 40:2443–2453
Aksu Z, Karabayir G (2008) Comparison of biosorption properties of different kinds of fungi for the
removal of Gryfalan Black RL metal-complex dye. Bioresour Technol 99:7730–7741. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.056
188
N. S. KV