4. Technical and economic design for realization: there is a need to establish a
database of information required for technical and economic design and a quantitative study of financial and human resources.
5. Clarification of issues: a low-carbon society involves all socioeconomic bases, as
such, it is necessary to identify common problems that need to be addressed.
6. Promoting common methods of problem-solving and means of implementing
solutions: technical standards, decision-making rules, and means of
implementing solutions need to be clarified. Many international problems, particularly transboundary environmental problems among the CJK countries, such
as acid rain and yellow sand, have been previously discussed. Consistent implementation of processes from the institutional design stage to the implementation
and human resource development stage is the way forward, while the reality of
implementation is challenging. To date, the issues have been concrete and explicit
environmental problems; however, the low-carbon society is a summary of the
solution aiming to address implicit environmental problems.
It is necessary to elaborate on these characteristics and create a roadmap for the
realization of these issues. The willingness and social support to work together is
also required.
22.3.2 Toward the Creation of “Policy Engineering”
Sustainability, especially the construction of a wide-area, low-carbon society, is a
contemporary social issue that is complex involving politics, government, economics, management, the short and long terms, and the local and global scales. Policies
to solve these problems are pluralistic and complex, and we need to shift from
policies that rely on experience and intuition to evidence-based policies based on the
scientific method. We need to find a means transfer the knowledge and techniques
obtained from various sciences into policy development and feedback issues into the
scientific method. For this purpose, it is important to establish original research
methods such as experimental policy studies and experimental policy theory.
Policy engineering is a discipline that analyzes, plans, implements, and evaluates
(verifies) the efficiency, effectiveness, and fairness of the policy lifecycle on a
spatial, temporal, and countermeasure axes. Simply put, policy engineering is the
study of optimizing policies using engineering methods to maximize their effectiveness and minimize their cost (risk). Policy engineering is an approach to derive
optimal solutions to social problems by analyzing objective data and models across a
wide range of disciplines, from the natural to social sciences. As opposed to
discussing solutions from a broad and shallow perspective, this approach extracts
the common structure underlying each problem, positions the problems systematically based on that common structure, and highlights policy development scenarios
for systematic solutions (Zhou et al. 2014).
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W. Zhou
database of information required for technical and economic design and a quantitative study of financial and human resources.
5. Clarification of issues: a low-carbon society involves all socioeconomic bases, as
such, it is necessary to identify common problems that need to be addressed.
6. Promoting common methods of problem-solving and means of implementing
solutions: technical standards, decision-making rules, and means of
implementing solutions need to be clarified. Many international problems, particularly transboundary environmental problems among the CJK countries, such
as acid rain and yellow sand, have been previously discussed. Consistent implementation of processes from the institutional design stage to the implementation
and human resource development stage is the way forward, while the reality of
implementation is challenging. To date, the issues have been concrete and explicit
environmental problems; however, the low-carbon society is a summary of the
solution aiming to address implicit environmental problems.
It is necessary to elaborate on these characteristics and create a roadmap for the
realization of these issues. The willingness and social support to work together is
also required.
22.3.2 Toward the Creation of “Policy Engineering”
Sustainability, especially the construction of a wide-area, low-carbon society, is a
contemporary social issue that is complex involving politics, government, economics, management, the short and long terms, and the local and global scales. Policies
to solve these problems are pluralistic and complex, and we need to shift from
policies that rely on experience and intuition to evidence-based policies based on the
scientific method. We need to find a means transfer the knowledge and techniques
obtained from various sciences into policy development and feedback issues into the
scientific method. For this purpose, it is important to establish original research
methods such as experimental policy studies and experimental policy theory.
Policy engineering is a discipline that analyzes, plans, implements, and evaluates
(verifies) the efficiency, effectiveness, and fairness of the policy lifecycle on a
spatial, temporal, and countermeasure axes. Simply put, policy engineering is the
study of optimizing policies using engineering methods to maximize their effectiveness and minimize their cost (risk). Policy engineering is an approach to derive
optimal solutions to social problems by analyzing objective data and models across a
wide range of disciplines, from the natural to social sciences. As opposed to
discussing solutions from a broad and shallow perspective, this approach extracts
the common structure underlying each problem, positions the problems systematically based on that common structure, and highlights policy development scenarios
for systematic solutions (Zhou et al. 2014).
412
W. Zhou