food processing waste requires relatively short HRT. A maximum H 2 production
rate of 2.55 L H 2 /d at HRT of 6 h and a maximum yield of 10.4 L H 2 /kg sweet
sorghum have been obtained at the HRT of 12 h [150]. Tofu-processing wastewater
produced 2.3 mol H 2 /mol glucose using heat- and acid-treated (110
C, 30 min,
0.5% HCl) thermophilic mixed anaerobic cultures in a continuous reactor at 4 h HRT
and pH 5.5 [159].
Processing of potato to produce starch generates waste high in sugar and is
suitable for H 2 production. Production of a tonne of potato flour generates waste
containing around 6.6 m
3 of potato juice and 0.73 tonne of potato pulp [163]. The
COD contents of potato processing effluents are relatively high: raw wastewater
from potato starch plant (13.9 g/L), potato chip wastewater (7.0 g/L), potato steam
peeling (27.4 g/L), potato blanching (39.6 g/L), and potato and corn crisp (4.5 g/
L) [164].
Table 8.5 (continued)
Substrate
Type of
operation
Temperature
(
C)
H 2 yield
H 2
production
rate
References
Cassava stillage +
sludge
Batch
Thermophilic 74 mL/g VS
added
[154]
Stillage (ethanol
production
wastewater)
CSTR
Thermophilic 43 mL/g VS
fed
1.0 L/L/d
[155]
Sweet lime peeling
extracts
CSTR
Mesophilic
21 mL/g VS
[156]
Snack wastewater
Coconut milk
wastewater
Juice wastewater
Batch
Mesophilic
530 mL/L
520 mL/L
310 mL/L
[106]
Mushroom cultivation waste
Batch
Thermophilic 0.73 mmol H 2 /
g TVS
[142]
Mushroom waste
Batch
Thermophilic 51 mL/g
substrate
[157]
Soybean oil extraction residue
Batch
Thermophilic 27 mL/g
substrate
[157]
Pineapple waste
extract
1.83 mol/mol
glucose
77.31 mL/g
VSS/h
[158]
Tofu-processing
waste
CSTR
Thermophilic 2.3 mol/mol
glucose
12.0 L/L/d [159]
Fructose
wastewater
Batch
Thermophilic 170 mL H 2 /g
COD
0.03 L/g
VSS/h
[27]
AnSBBR anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor, ASBR anaerobic sequencing batch reactor,
AFBR anaerobic fluidized bed reactor, CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor, EGSBR expanded
granular sludge bed reactor, UASB upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
342
A. Hajizadeh et al.
rate of 2.55 L H 2 /d at HRT of 6 h and a maximum yield of 10.4 L H 2 /kg sweet
sorghum have been obtained at the HRT of 12 h [150]. Tofu-processing wastewater
produced 2.3 mol H 2 /mol glucose using heat- and acid-treated (110
C, 30 min,
0.5% HCl) thermophilic mixed anaerobic cultures in a continuous reactor at 4 h HRT
and pH 5.5 [159].
Processing of potato to produce starch generates waste high in sugar and is
suitable for H 2 production. Production of a tonne of potato flour generates waste
containing around 6.6 m
3 of potato juice and 0.73 tonne of potato pulp [163]. The
COD contents of potato processing effluents are relatively high: raw wastewater
from potato starch plant (13.9 g/L), potato chip wastewater (7.0 g/L), potato steam
peeling (27.4 g/L), potato blanching (39.6 g/L), and potato and corn crisp (4.5 g/
L) [164].
Table 8.5 (continued)
Substrate
Type of
operation
Temperature
(
C)
H 2 yield
H 2
production
rate
References
Cassava stillage +
sludge
Batch
Thermophilic 74 mL/g VS
added
[154]
Stillage (ethanol
production
wastewater)
CSTR
Thermophilic 43 mL/g VS
fed
1.0 L/L/d
[155]
Sweet lime peeling
extracts
CSTR
Mesophilic
21 mL/g VS
[156]
Snack wastewater
Coconut milk
wastewater
Juice wastewater
Batch
Mesophilic
530 mL/L
520 mL/L
310 mL/L
[106]
Mushroom cultivation waste
Batch
Thermophilic 0.73 mmol H 2 /
g TVS
[142]
Mushroom waste
Batch
Thermophilic 51 mL/g
substrate
[157]
Soybean oil extraction residue
Batch
Thermophilic 27 mL/g
substrate
[157]
Pineapple waste
extract
1.83 mol/mol
glucose
77.31 mL/g
VSS/h
[158]
Tofu-processing
waste
CSTR
Thermophilic 2.3 mol/mol
glucose
12.0 L/L/d [159]
Fructose
wastewater
Batch
Thermophilic 170 mL H 2 /g
COD
0.03 L/g
VSS/h
[27]
AnSBBR anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor, ASBR anaerobic sequencing batch reactor,
AFBR anaerobic fluidized bed reactor, CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor, EGSBR expanded
granular sludge bed reactor, UASB upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
342
A. Hajizadeh et al.