2. Moskovits M (1982) Surface selection rules. J Chem Phys 77:4408–4416
3. Hipps KW, Crosby GA (1979) Applications of the photoelastic modulator to polarization
spectroscopy. J Phys Chem 83:555–562
4. Golden WG, Dunn DS, Overend J (1981) A method for measuring infrared reflectionabsorption spectra of molecules adsorbed on low-area surfaces at monolayer and submonolayer
concentrations. J Catal 71:395–405
5. Buffeteau T, Desbat B, Turlet JM (1991) Polarization modulation FT-IR spectroscopy of
surfaces and ultra-thin films: experimental procedure and quantitative analysis. Appl Spectrosc
45:380–388
6. Golden WG, Kunimatsu K, Seki H (1984) Application of polarization-modulated Fourier
transform infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy to the study of carbon monooxide
adsortpion and oxidation on a smooth platinum electrode. J Phys Chem 88:1275–1277
7. Kunimatsu K, Seki H, Golden WG (1984) Polarization-modulated FTIR spectra of cyanide
adsorbed on a silver electrode. Chem Phys Lett 108:195–199
8. Kycia AH, Koczkur K, Leitch JJ, Lipkowski J, Zamlynny V, Petryk MWP (2013) Application
of PM-IRRAS to study thin films of industrial and environmental samples. Anal Bioanal Chem
405:1537–1546
9. Zamlynny V, Lipkowski J (2006) Quantitative SNIFTIRS and PM IRRAS of organic molecules
at electrode surfaces. In: Alkire RC, Kolb DM, Lipkowski J, Ross PN (eds) Advances in
electrochemical science and engineering, Diffraction and spectroscopic methods in electrochemistry, vol 9. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 315–376
10. Brand I (2016) Application of polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy under electrochemical control for structural studies of biomimetic assemblies. Z Phys
Chem 230:133–183
11. Zamlynny V, Zawisza I, Lipkowski J (2003) PM FTIRRAS studies of potential-controlled
transformations of a monolayer and a bilayer of 4-pentadecylpyridine a model surfactant
adsorbed on a Au(111) electrode surface. Langmuir 19:132–145
12. Zawisza I, Lipkowski J (2004) Layer by layer characterization of n-octadecanol films on Au
(111) electrode surface – an in situ spectroelectrochemical investigation. Langmuir
20:4579–4589
13. Horswell SL, Zamlynny V, Li H-Q, Merrill AR, Lipkowski J (2002) Electrochemical and PM
IRRAS studies of potential controlled transformations of phospholipid layers on Au(111)
electrodes. Faraday Discuss 121:405–422
14. Zawisza I, Lachenwitzer A, Zamlynny V, Horswell SL, Goddard JD, Lipkowski J (2003)
Electrochemical and photon polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy study of the electric field driven transformations of a phospholipid bilayer supported at a
gold electrode surface. Biophys J 86:4055–4075
15. Bin X, Horswell SL, Lipkowski J (2005) Electrochemical and PM-IRRAS studies of the effect
of cholesterol on the structure of a DMPC bilayer supported at an Au (111) electrode surface,
Part 1: Properties of the acyl chains. Biophys J 89:592–604
16. Matyszewska D, Bilewicz R, Su ZF, Abbasi F, Leitch JJ, Lipkowski J (2016) PM-IRRAS
studies of DMPC bilayer supported on Au(111) electrodes modified with hydrophilic monolayers of thioglucose. Langmuir 32:1791–1798
17. Su FZ, Shodiev M, Leitch JJ, Abbasi F, Lipkowski J (2018) In situ electrochemical and
PM-IRRAS studies of alamethicin ion channel formation in model phospholipid bilayers. J
Electroanal Chem 819:251–259
18. Zawisza I, Bin X, Lipkowski J (2007) Potential driven structural changes in Langmuir-Blodgett
DMPC bilayers determined by in situ spectroelectrochemical PM IRRAS. Langmuir
23:5180–5194
19. Ahlers M, Stein N, Broch L, Brand I (2013) Study of the potential driven changes in a collagen
film self-assembled on a polycrystalline gold electrode surface. J Electroanal Chem
706:140–148
4
1 Introduction
3. Hipps KW, Crosby GA (1979) Applications of the photoelastic modulator to polarization
spectroscopy. J Phys Chem 83:555–562
4. Golden WG, Dunn DS, Overend J (1981) A method for measuring infrared reflectionabsorption spectra of molecules adsorbed on low-area surfaces at monolayer and submonolayer
concentrations. J Catal 71:395–405
5. Buffeteau T, Desbat B, Turlet JM (1991) Polarization modulation FT-IR spectroscopy of
surfaces and ultra-thin films: experimental procedure and quantitative analysis. Appl Spectrosc
45:380–388
6. Golden WG, Kunimatsu K, Seki H (1984) Application of polarization-modulated Fourier
transform infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy to the study of carbon monooxide
adsortpion and oxidation on a smooth platinum electrode. J Phys Chem 88:1275–1277
7. Kunimatsu K, Seki H, Golden WG (1984) Polarization-modulated FTIR spectra of cyanide
adsorbed on a silver electrode. Chem Phys Lett 108:195–199
8. Kycia AH, Koczkur K, Leitch JJ, Lipkowski J, Zamlynny V, Petryk MWP (2013) Application
of PM-IRRAS to study thin films of industrial and environmental samples. Anal Bioanal Chem
405:1537–1546
9. Zamlynny V, Lipkowski J (2006) Quantitative SNIFTIRS and PM IRRAS of organic molecules
at electrode surfaces. In: Alkire RC, Kolb DM, Lipkowski J, Ross PN (eds) Advances in
electrochemical science and engineering, Diffraction and spectroscopic methods in electrochemistry, vol 9. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 315–376
10. Brand I (2016) Application of polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy under electrochemical control for structural studies of biomimetic assemblies. Z Phys
Chem 230:133–183
11. Zamlynny V, Zawisza I, Lipkowski J (2003) PM FTIRRAS studies of potential-controlled
transformations of a monolayer and a bilayer of 4-pentadecylpyridine a model surfactant
adsorbed on a Au(111) electrode surface. Langmuir 19:132–145
12. Zawisza I, Lipkowski J (2004) Layer by layer characterization of n-octadecanol films on Au
(111) electrode surface – an in situ spectroelectrochemical investigation. Langmuir
20:4579–4589
13. Horswell SL, Zamlynny V, Li H-Q, Merrill AR, Lipkowski J (2002) Electrochemical and PM
IRRAS studies of potential controlled transformations of phospholipid layers on Au(111)
electrodes. Faraday Discuss 121:405–422
14. Zawisza I, Lachenwitzer A, Zamlynny V, Horswell SL, Goddard JD, Lipkowski J (2003)
Electrochemical and photon polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy study of the electric field driven transformations of a phospholipid bilayer supported at a
gold electrode surface. Biophys J 86:4055–4075
15. Bin X, Horswell SL, Lipkowski J (2005) Electrochemical and PM-IRRAS studies of the effect
of cholesterol on the structure of a DMPC bilayer supported at an Au (111) electrode surface,
Part 1: Properties of the acyl chains. Biophys J 89:592–604
16. Matyszewska D, Bilewicz R, Su ZF, Abbasi F, Leitch JJ, Lipkowski J (2016) PM-IRRAS
studies of DMPC bilayer supported on Au(111) electrodes modified with hydrophilic monolayers of thioglucose. Langmuir 32:1791–1798
17. Su FZ, Shodiev M, Leitch JJ, Abbasi F, Lipkowski J (2018) In situ electrochemical and
PM-IRRAS studies of alamethicin ion channel formation in model phospholipid bilayers. J
Electroanal Chem 819:251–259
18. Zawisza I, Bin X, Lipkowski J (2007) Potential driven structural changes in Langmuir-Blodgett
DMPC bilayers determined by in situ spectroelectrochemical PM IRRAS. Langmuir
23:5180–5194
19. Ahlers M, Stein N, Broch L, Brand I (2013) Study of the potential driven changes in a collagen
film self-assembled on a polycrystalline gold electrode surface. J Electroanal Chem
706:140–148
4
1 Introduction