248
J. R. S. Selvan Christyraj et al.
10.4 Biomedical Waste Containment
10.4.1 Formation of Containment Vision and Missions
The healthcare sector has unpredictable demand because of the overpopulation on the
earth. The huge volume of medical waste has been generated by improper medical
waste mismanagement as well as inadequate knowledge and awareness of medical
waste containment that will influence various diseases [28]. Generally, the vision
of the bio-containment is properly organized form of management which generates
biomedical waste such as healthcare and health research facilities and associated
laboratories to control the spread of disease as well as prevent the hazards of land,
air, and water pollution.
Amelioration of healthcare efficiency and effectiveness is the only key to control
the biomedical wastes. The government of India has realized and the Ministry of
Environment & Forests has revealed the rules for Bio-Medical Waste (Management
& Handling) under the Environment Protection Act 1971. In 2016, these rules have
upgraded and ameliorated their standards for biomedical waste containment. These
rules and regulations have used to achieve the vision of biomedical waste management systems and these rules are shall apply for all healthcare research facilities
and workers. The schedule-I rule is to define the biomedical waste as well as indicating the standard methods for handling and disposal methods of biomedical waste.
Importantly, the National Policy document have explored infection control, medical
waste management and Infection Management and Environment Plan (IMEP) framework for the amelioration of healthcare facilities by Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare. Infection Management and Environment Plan (IMEP) consists of two documents includes policy framework and operation guidelines for healthcare facilities.
The current status of biocontainment system is step forwarding whereas, Gadicherla
et al., have revealed the actual status of biocontainment in healthcare facilities of
Karnataka, India. Among 116 HCF categorized into large (9), medium (17), small
(90). Segregation, storage efficiency, containment of sharps have focused. Except
for storage efficiency rest of the things have revealed their poor condition, viz segregation efficiency (24.4%) in small HCF’s, containment of sharps (small—34.7%,
medium—23.4%, large—26.8%) and the final disposal treatment facility ratio is
about large 88.8% and medium 88.2%.
10.4.2 Medical Waste Regulations and Segregations
Even though BMWM has various rules and guidelines for appropriate management
system, the real challenge lies in the segregation of biowastes from different sources.
HCFs units are instructed to segregate the BMW in approved colour codes. In case
of general public, people should collect their household waste as wet and dry wastes
in individual containers or bags in order to minimize the spread of infections to the
J. R. S. Selvan Christyraj et al.
10.4 Biomedical Waste Containment
10.4.1 Formation of Containment Vision and Missions
The healthcare sector has unpredictable demand because of the overpopulation on the
earth. The huge volume of medical waste has been generated by improper medical
waste mismanagement as well as inadequate knowledge and awareness of medical
waste containment that will influence various diseases [28]. Generally, the vision
of the bio-containment is properly organized form of management which generates
biomedical waste such as healthcare and health research facilities and associated
laboratories to control the spread of disease as well as prevent the hazards of land,
air, and water pollution.
Amelioration of healthcare efficiency and effectiveness is the only key to control
the biomedical wastes. The government of India has realized and the Ministry of
Environment & Forests has revealed the rules for Bio-Medical Waste (Management
& Handling) under the Environment Protection Act 1971. In 2016, these rules have
upgraded and ameliorated their standards for biomedical waste containment. These
rules and regulations have used to achieve the vision of biomedical waste management systems and these rules are shall apply for all healthcare research facilities
and workers. The schedule-I rule is to define the biomedical waste as well as indicating the standard methods for handling and disposal methods of biomedical waste.
Importantly, the National Policy document have explored infection control, medical
waste management and Infection Management and Environment Plan (IMEP) framework for the amelioration of healthcare facilities by Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare. Infection Management and Environment Plan (IMEP) consists of two documents includes policy framework and operation guidelines for healthcare facilities.
The current status of biocontainment system is step forwarding whereas, Gadicherla
et al., have revealed the actual status of biocontainment in healthcare facilities of
Karnataka, India. Among 116 HCF categorized into large (9), medium (17), small
(90). Segregation, storage efficiency, containment of sharps have focused. Except
for storage efficiency rest of the things have revealed their poor condition, viz segregation efficiency (24.4%) in small HCF’s, containment of sharps (small—34.7%,
medium—23.4%, large—26.8%) and the final disposal treatment facility ratio is
about large 88.8% and medium 88.2%.
10.4.2 Medical Waste Regulations and Segregations
Even though BMWM has various rules and guidelines for appropriate management
system, the real challenge lies in the segregation of biowastes from different sources.
HCFs units are instructed to segregate the BMW in approved colour codes. In case
of general public, people should collect their household waste as wet and dry wastes
in individual containers or bags in order to minimize the spread of infections to the