230
N. Jariwala and J. Soni
Table 9.4 Expected economic values for the weight content of a waste PV module for aluminium,
copper, silver, and waste glass
Name of element
of PV waste module
Percentages by
weight (%)
Component
weights for a
single PV
module (kg)
Unit prices
forecast for
products in
2040–2050
(USD/kg)
2040–2050 Gross
economic prices
(USD) of recycled
materials for a unit
module
Glass
70
14.53
–
–
Aluminium (frame) 18
3.74
2.35
8.78
Aluminium
(conductor)
0.53
0.11
2.35
0.26
Copper
0.11
0.02
7.5
0.17
Silver
0.053
0.01
495.2
5.45
recovered materials. “The recovery of metals for use in the modern manufacturing
sectors is a way to minimize costs, which directly affects prices and thus motivates
the productivity power of the country. Being a resource supplier nation, lowering
prices could be a tremendous merit in lowering manufacturing expenses to compete
with other resource suppliers on the market and thus dominating the market as a
strong resource supplier. In short, they all give rise to the country’s cash inflow, and
thus motivate the creation and become a strong candidate” [25]. All this plays an
important part for the economy of the country.
“World Bank estimates for copper, aluminium and silver prices for the year
2030 are USD 7000 t
−1 , USD 2200 t
−1 , and USD 514.47 kg
−1 , respectively” [26].
“Although the aluminium and copper prices have gone up, the estimates for silver have
declined. Under these conditions, copper, aluminium and silver prices are expected to
be on average as USD 7,500 t
−1 , USD 2350 t
−1 , and USD 495, 18 kg
−1 between 2040
and 2050. In this regard, the economic revenue from PV waste is shown in Table 9.4,
showing waste PV module metals (silver, aluminium and copper), weights, unit prices
and estimated economic values for a single module” [25].
9.4.2 Environmental Benefits of Recycling
“Many studies have analyzed the influence of recycling processes for PV modules
upon the environment. There are advantages as well as drawbacks of various methods,
considering all the stages, from gathering of the PV modules till the end of the
recycling process” [27, 28].
N. Jariwala and J. Soni
Table 9.4 Expected economic values for the weight content of a waste PV module for aluminium,
copper, silver, and waste glass
Name of element
of PV waste module
Percentages by
weight (%)
Component
weights for a
single PV
module (kg)
Unit prices
forecast for
products in
2040–2050
(USD/kg)
2040–2050 Gross
economic prices
(USD) of recycled
materials for a unit
module
Glass
70
14.53
–
–
Aluminium (frame) 18
3.74
2.35
8.78
Aluminium
(conductor)
0.53
0.11
2.35
0.26
Copper
0.11
0.02
7.5
0.17
Silver
0.053
0.01
495.2
5.45
recovered materials. “The recovery of metals for use in the modern manufacturing
sectors is a way to minimize costs, which directly affects prices and thus motivates
the productivity power of the country. Being a resource supplier nation, lowering
prices could be a tremendous merit in lowering manufacturing expenses to compete
with other resource suppliers on the market and thus dominating the market as a
strong resource supplier. In short, they all give rise to the country’s cash inflow, and
thus motivate the creation and become a strong candidate” [25]. All this plays an
important part for the economy of the country.
“World Bank estimates for copper, aluminium and silver prices for the year
2030 are USD 7000 t
−1 , USD 2200 t
−1 , and USD 514.47 kg
−1 , respectively” [26].
“Although the aluminium and copper prices have gone up, the estimates for silver have
declined. Under these conditions, copper, aluminium and silver prices are expected to
be on average as USD 7,500 t
−1 , USD 2350 t
−1 , and USD 495, 18 kg
−1 between 2040
and 2050. In this regard, the economic revenue from PV waste is shown in Table 9.4,
showing waste PV module metals (silver, aluminium and copper), weights, unit prices
and estimated economic values for a single module” [25].
9.4.2 Environmental Benefits of Recycling
“Many studies have analyzed the influence of recycling processes for PV modules
upon the environment. There are advantages as well as drawbacks of various methods,
considering all the stages, from gathering of the PV modules till the end of the
recycling process” [27, 28].