184
A. Chauhan
The above facts regarding negative impact of coronavirus on environment and
human beings are also verified by different research studies. Some of them are given
below:
Review of Studies Depicting Negative Aspects of COVID-19.
Sivakumar (2020) in his paper illustrated the negative aspect of COVID-19 with
respect to water. In order to control the spread of Corona use of disinfectants, soap and
water has increased which in turn has increased sewage in drains which will impose
an additional cost on wastewater treatment facilities. And in under developed and
developing countries where there is a lack of facilities for treating the wastewater,
the untreated wastewater from industries and homes will pave its way to nearby
water bodies affecting the water quality critically [64]. Newsome (2020) stated that
although lockdowns observed during COVID-19 pandemic has given a chance for
environment to heal but it has created a negative pressure on wildlife tourism which
is a threat to protection of wildlife as tourism funds their conservation [49]. Rutz
et al. (2020) stated that although wildlife flourished to its fullest during the lockdown
period but challenges have been imposed on animals dwelling in urban areas such
as monkeys, rats, etc., that were dwelling on the food provided or discarded by
humans. Further reduced human activities in remote areas can increase the risk of
poaching of endangered species, such as raptors or rhinos [56]. Garlick (2020) stated
that although wildlife reserves will be affected by the reduction in tourism which in
turn will affect the work of conservation but unlawful hunting of endangered species
may prove catastrophic due to absence of humans in Kenya [25]. Taskinsoy (2020)
stated that if the second or third wave of COVID-19 reappears ahead of 2020, most
economies will be thrown into a condition of coma [68]. Kuzemko et al. (2020) stated
that with almost 300 million people losing their jobs with service-oriented economies
the global economy is likely to shrink to 6% by 2020 [36]. Lee et al. (2020) stated
that the first lockdown imposed on 24 March 2020 in India resulted in significant
economic costs, with increase in use of masks by 73%, in handwash by 10% and
indoor time spent by people by 51%. But it has drastically affected the mental health
of the people and also restricted the supply chains and immensely affecting the poor
migrant workers in different parts of India [38]. Pandey et al. (2020) in their study
on dentists found that due to closure of their clinics many dentists fear their jobs to
be lost and the stoppage of income leads to develop mental stress [51]. Sharma et al.
(2020) in their study highlighted the challenges faced for management of solid waste
during the onset of pandemic for plastic, biomedical and food waste as it can pose a
major safety and health hazard for sanitation workers. The usage of single-use plastic
is likely to rise due to hygienic concerns particularly for products used for health
care and personal protection. Though the generation of food waste in the houses may
reduce due to food shortage concerns but food wastage is likely to increase due to
supply chains being broken due to restricted movement of vehicles and decrease in
number of workers in handling of food products in warehouses [62]. Islamaj, Mattoo
and Vashakmadze (2020) stated that a global shock has been caused due to COVID19 causing recession and financial shock in the developing countries of East Asia
and the Pacific leading to rise in poverty [31].
A. Chauhan
The above facts regarding negative impact of coronavirus on environment and
human beings are also verified by different research studies. Some of them are given
below:
Review of Studies Depicting Negative Aspects of COVID-19.
Sivakumar (2020) in his paper illustrated the negative aspect of COVID-19 with
respect to water. In order to control the spread of Corona use of disinfectants, soap and
water has increased which in turn has increased sewage in drains which will impose
an additional cost on wastewater treatment facilities. And in under developed and
developing countries where there is a lack of facilities for treating the wastewater,
the untreated wastewater from industries and homes will pave its way to nearby
water bodies affecting the water quality critically [64]. Newsome (2020) stated that
although lockdowns observed during COVID-19 pandemic has given a chance for
environment to heal but it has created a negative pressure on wildlife tourism which
is a threat to protection of wildlife as tourism funds their conservation [49]. Rutz
et al. (2020) stated that although wildlife flourished to its fullest during the lockdown
period but challenges have been imposed on animals dwelling in urban areas such
as monkeys, rats, etc., that were dwelling on the food provided or discarded by
humans. Further reduced human activities in remote areas can increase the risk of
poaching of endangered species, such as raptors or rhinos [56]. Garlick (2020) stated
that although wildlife reserves will be affected by the reduction in tourism which in
turn will affect the work of conservation but unlawful hunting of endangered species
may prove catastrophic due to absence of humans in Kenya [25]. Taskinsoy (2020)
stated that if the second or third wave of COVID-19 reappears ahead of 2020, most
economies will be thrown into a condition of coma [68]. Kuzemko et al. (2020) stated
that with almost 300 million people losing their jobs with service-oriented economies
the global economy is likely to shrink to 6% by 2020 [36]. Lee et al. (2020) stated
that the first lockdown imposed on 24 March 2020 in India resulted in significant
economic costs, with increase in use of masks by 73%, in handwash by 10% and
indoor time spent by people by 51%. But it has drastically affected the mental health
of the people and also restricted the supply chains and immensely affecting the poor
migrant workers in different parts of India [38]. Pandey et al. (2020) in their study
on dentists found that due to closure of their clinics many dentists fear their jobs to
be lost and the stoppage of income leads to develop mental stress [51]. Sharma et al.
(2020) in their study highlighted the challenges faced for management of solid waste
during the onset of pandemic for plastic, biomedical and food waste as it can pose a
major safety and health hazard for sanitation workers. The usage of single-use plastic
is likely to rise due to hygienic concerns particularly for products used for health
care and personal protection. Though the generation of food waste in the houses may
reduce due to food shortage concerns but food wastage is likely to increase due to
supply chains being broken due to restricted movement of vehicles and decrease in
number of workers in handling of food products in warehouses [62]. Islamaj, Mattoo
and Vashakmadze (2020) stated that a global shock has been caused due to COVID19 causing recession and financial shock in the developing countries of East Asia
and the Pacific leading to rise in poverty [31].