(3) Get real-time site photos
The site photos are physical pictures of landfills, sewage treatment facilities,
monitoring wells, and etc.
(4) Determine the need for hydrogeological survey
Hydrogeological survey is required where the hydrogeological data is insufficient to
characterize groundwater flow field. By observing the terrain and surrounding
environment, field investigation determines the suitability of conditions for geological measurements and use of different geophysical techniques.
(5) Examine the effectiveness of existing groundwater monitoring wells
The feasibility of using existing groundwater monitoring wells is examined based
on the actual site conditions, including the layout, location and depth of monitoring
wells. Additional groundwater monitoring wells need to be deployed if the existing
ones are unable to meet the investigation requirements.
2.2.3 Hydrogeological Survey
Based on existing hydrogeological data, hydrogeological survey or where the
conditions for hydrogeological survey are not met, hydrogeological exploration is
carried out to obtain hydrogeological information that provides a basis for
deploying monitoring wells. It should basically make clear the hydrogeological
structure, groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions, and groundwater
flow field characteristics.
(1) Hydrogeological structure
The hydrogeological survey investigates the lithology, thickness and its variation of
aquifers, aquitard and aquiclude of landfills and surrounding areas within a certain
range. It produces a cross-sectional view or where the data is abundant, a perspective view of the hydrogeological structure.
(2) Groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions
Groundwater recharge conditions should include precipitation, artificial recharge,
surface water replenishment and etc. Focusing on data collection, the hydrogeological survey collects the changes of precipitation and (monthly/yearly) water
chemistry in landfills and the surrounding areas; collects or observes changes in
surface water level, flow and quality, and analyzes the relationship between surface
water and groundwater.
Groundwater runoff conditions mainly include aquifer hydraulic conductivity,
hydraulic gradient, and thickness. Generally, hydrogeological structure maps and
water chemistry data are used to analyze runoff conditions in a certain site.
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2 Environmental Background Investigation of Groundwater …
The site photos are physical pictures of landfills, sewage treatment facilities,
monitoring wells, and etc.
(4) Determine the need for hydrogeological survey
Hydrogeological survey is required where the hydrogeological data is insufficient to
characterize groundwater flow field. By observing the terrain and surrounding
environment, field investigation determines the suitability of conditions for geological measurements and use of different geophysical techniques.
(5) Examine the effectiveness of existing groundwater monitoring wells
The feasibility of using existing groundwater monitoring wells is examined based
on the actual site conditions, including the layout, location and depth of monitoring
wells. Additional groundwater monitoring wells need to be deployed if the existing
ones are unable to meet the investigation requirements.
2.2.3 Hydrogeological Survey
Based on existing hydrogeological data, hydrogeological survey or where the
conditions for hydrogeological survey are not met, hydrogeological exploration is
carried out to obtain hydrogeological information that provides a basis for
deploying monitoring wells. It should basically make clear the hydrogeological
structure, groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions, and groundwater
flow field characteristics.
(1) Hydrogeological structure
The hydrogeological survey investigates the lithology, thickness and its variation of
aquifers, aquitard and aquiclude of landfills and surrounding areas within a certain
range. It produces a cross-sectional view or where the data is abundant, a perspective view of the hydrogeological structure.
(2) Groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions
Groundwater recharge conditions should include precipitation, artificial recharge,
surface water replenishment and etc. Focusing on data collection, the hydrogeological survey collects the changes of precipitation and (monthly/yearly) water
chemistry in landfills and the surrounding areas; collects or observes changes in
surface water level, flow and quality, and analyzes the relationship between surface
water and groundwater.
Groundwater runoff conditions mainly include aquifer hydraulic conductivity,
hydraulic gradient, and thickness. Generally, hydrogeological structure maps and
water chemistry data are used to analyze runoff conditions in a certain site.
16
2 Environmental Background Investigation of Groundwater …