523
food additive and nutrients or medications, how the food or food additive affect the
function of human organs and organ systems, possible adverse reactions in the general population of individuals who are likely to use the substance and in special
populations (National Academy of Sciences 2004).
23.8.1.3 Regulation of Medical Food and Infant Formula
The regulation of medical food and infant formula fall under drug regulatory authority in many countries. For example, in USA it falls under the FDA’s general regulations for Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) for conventional foods. These
regulations are required to insure that the manufacturer include required ingredients, sanitary, to provide appropriate concentrations of ingredients in processed
food. It also enables the community to be protected from potential safety hazards or
inappropriate treatment claims for these products. Before the development of regulation medical food needs to be defined and classified. This enable to distinguish
them from each other depending on intended use and required supervision, as well
as from foods for special dietary uses, conventional foods, nutrient supplements, or
drugs (Mueller and Nestle 1995; Food England 2007).
23.9 Role of Medical Foods During Crises
Medical foods have been playing a crucial role in times of crises. During wars and
in post war periods, medical foods have been supplied to hunger stricken citizens in
villages as well as in refugee camps to counter malnutrition which could lead to
more health complications particularly in people with compromised deficiency. The
UNICEF and the WHO (Ayisi 2011) have jointly been sourcing ready to use foods
over the years from project peanut butter and valid nutrition of Malawi and other
African local manufacturers in addition to international manufacturers in France,
America, India and Europe.
23.10 Threats and Future Opportunities in Medical Foods
and Infant Formulas
Medical food and infant formulas have proven to be one of the best ways through
which disease can be managed using foods and food bases. The mostly used food
base is grain including peanut, which is commonly grown in Africa. The beigest
challenge with peanut and other grain based products has always been contamination with aflatoxin which sometimes are found above acceptable levels in final products. Opportunities to contain aflatoxin in peanuts still remain un exhausted and
23 Medical Foods and Infant Formulas
food additive and nutrients or medications, how the food or food additive affect the
function of human organs and organ systems, possible adverse reactions in the general population of individuals who are likely to use the substance and in special
populations (National Academy of Sciences 2004).
23.8.1.3 Regulation of Medical Food and Infant Formula
The regulation of medical food and infant formula fall under drug regulatory authority in many countries. For example, in USA it falls under the FDA’s general regulations for Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) for conventional foods. These
regulations are required to insure that the manufacturer include required ingredients, sanitary, to provide appropriate concentrations of ingredients in processed
food. It also enables the community to be protected from potential safety hazards or
inappropriate treatment claims for these products. Before the development of regulation medical food needs to be defined and classified. This enable to distinguish
them from each other depending on intended use and required supervision, as well
as from foods for special dietary uses, conventional foods, nutrient supplements, or
drugs (Mueller and Nestle 1995; Food England 2007).
23.9 Role of Medical Foods During Crises
Medical foods have been playing a crucial role in times of crises. During wars and
in post war periods, medical foods have been supplied to hunger stricken citizens in
villages as well as in refugee camps to counter malnutrition which could lead to
more health complications particularly in people with compromised deficiency. The
UNICEF and the WHO (Ayisi 2011) have jointly been sourcing ready to use foods
over the years from project peanut butter and valid nutrition of Malawi and other
African local manufacturers in addition to international manufacturers in France,
America, India and Europe.
23.10 Threats and Future Opportunities in Medical Foods
and Infant Formulas
Medical food and infant formulas have proven to be one of the best ways through
which disease can be managed using foods and food bases. The mostly used food
base is grain including peanut, which is commonly grown in Africa. The beigest
challenge with peanut and other grain based products has always been contamination with aflatoxin which sometimes are found above acceptable levels in final products. Opportunities to contain aflatoxin in peanuts still remain un exhausted and
23 Medical Foods and Infant Formulas