355
1000 mg/mL exhibited the highest antimycobacterial of 31 mm against the tested
pathogen while the purified fraction exhibited a zone of inhibition of 40 mm. The
antimicrobial activity exhibited by the purified compound were linked to the availability of acemannan or aloverose.
Kedarnath et al. (2012) evaluated the biologically active compound present in
Aloe vera and the effect of these extract obtained from the leave was against some
clinical isolates. The clinical isolates includes Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus niger,
and Aspergillus fumigates. The antifungal activity was observed from ethanol and
petroleum ether having 22 mm.
Aloe vera gel has been identified to show antibacterial activities against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The polysaccharide acemannan was found to hinder its
attachment to the epithelial cells of the human lungs (Azghani et al. 1995). Apart
from Streptoccocus pyogenes and Streptococcus faecalis have also been found to be
inhibited by Aloe vera gel (Heggers et al. 1995). Aloe vera gel also has properties to
stimulate the immune system against foreign bodies. The plant has also exhibited
antifungal activities against Candida albicans as reported in a study (Heggers et al.
1995). Aloe vera administration in rats showed that the plant has wound healing
properties as it rids of the bacteria that may enhance the inflammation associated
with wounds (Heggers et al. 1995).
Numerous research studies demonstrate that A. vera shows antiviral activity by
preventing virus entry, adsorption, and attachment into host cells. According to
Zandi et al. (2007) A. vera gel shows antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus
(HSV) type 2 strains. Derivatives of anthraquinone (chrysophanol, aloe-emodin and
emodin) present in Aloe exhibits antiviral activity by inhibiting virus-induced cytopathic effect and influenza A virus replication (Li et al. 2014).
18.5.2 Anti-dental Caries Activities
Studies has shown that Aloe vera possesses ant-dental caries activities. For instance,
Fani and Kohante (2012) evaluated the effect of Aloe vera gel against periodontopathic (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis),
opportunistic periodontopathogen (Bacteroides fragilis) and cariogenic
(Streptococcus mutans) infected by patients suffering from dental caries and periodontal diseases. The authors tested the Aloe vera gel against 20 isolates which
were bacteria using microdilution methods and disk diffusion. The highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited against S. mutans at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 μg/ml while B. fragilis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. gingivalis
show less sensitivity with minimum inhibitory concentration of 25–50 μg/ml. Their
study shows that Aloe vera gel could be utilized for the prevention of periodontal
diseases and dental caries.
18 Aloe Species as Valuable Sources of Functional Bioactives
1000 mg/mL exhibited the highest antimycobacterial of 31 mm against the tested
pathogen while the purified fraction exhibited a zone of inhibition of 40 mm. The
antimicrobial activity exhibited by the purified compound were linked to the availability of acemannan or aloverose.
Kedarnath et al. (2012) evaluated the biologically active compound present in
Aloe vera and the effect of these extract obtained from the leave was against some
clinical isolates. The clinical isolates includes Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus niger,
and Aspergillus fumigates. The antifungal activity was observed from ethanol and
petroleum ether having 22 mm.
Aloe vera gel has been identified to show antibacterial activities against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The polysaccharide acemannan was found to hinder its
attachment to the epithelial cells of the human lungs (Azghani et al. 1995). Apart
from Streptoccocus pyogenes and Streptococcus faecalis have also been found to be
inhibited by Aloe vera gel (Heggers et al. 1995). Aloe vera gel also has properties to
stimulate the immune system against foreign bodies. The plant has also exhibited
antifungal activities against Candida albicans as reported in a study (Heggers et al.
1995). Aloe vera administration in rats showed that the plant has wound healing
properties as it rids of the bacteria that may enhance the inflammation associated
with wounds (Heggers et al. 1995).
Numerous research studies demonstrate that A. vera shows antiviral activity by
preventing virus entry, adsorption, and attachment into host cells. According to
Zandi et al. (2007) A. vera gel shows antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus
(HSV) type 2 strains. Derivatives of anthraquinone (chrysophanol, aloe-emodin and
emodin) present in Aloe exhibits antiviral activity by inhibiting virus-induced cytopathic effect and influenza A virus replication (Li et al. 2014).
18.5.2 Anti-dental Caries Activities
Studies has shown that Aloe vera possesses ant-dental caries activities. For instance,
Fani and Kohante (2012) evaluated the effect of Aloe vera gel against periodontopathic (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis),
opportunistic periodontopathogen (Bacteroides fragilis) and cariogenic
(Streptococcus mutans) infected by patients suffering from dental caries and periodontal diseases. The authors tested the Aloe vera gel against 20 isolates which
were bacteria using microdilution methods and disk diffusion. The highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited against S. mutans at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 μg/ml while B. fragilis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. gingivalis
show less sensitivity with minimum inhibitory concentration of 25–50 μg/ml. Their
study shows that Aloe vera gel could be utilized for the prevention of periodontal
diseases and dental caries.
18 Aloe Species as Valuable Sources of Functional Bioactives