215
cases (Haenlein 2004). Oligosaccharide is also a carbohydrate that is present in goat
milk. It is beneficial to human nutrition because of their prebiotic and anti-infective
properties. In animal models, goat milk oligosaccharides have been shown to have
anti-inflammatory effects in induced colitis (LaraVilloslada et al. 2006).
CLA (Conjugated linoleic acid) is a bioactive lipid present in goat milk. It has
anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties because it decreases the production
of cytokines, prostaglandins and immunoglobulins that are associated with atherosclerosis, cancer and irritable bowel disease (Park 2009).
On the other hand, Sheep milk contains high amount of fat in milk than other
dairy mammals (Mourad et al. 2014). Sheep milk has a high level of solids, fats and
conjugated linoleic acid that makes it more suitable than other milk for producing
high amount of cheese (Sinanoglou 2015).
Camel is a draught animal that has significance due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits. Its milk is called white gold of the desert (Wernery 2006). According
to a prospective study conducted by Saltanat et al. (2009) aimed at assessing the
influences of camel milk on the immune response of chronic hepatitis B patient,
they found out that camel milk corrects the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines network and inhibit the replication process of DNA by strengthening the cellular
immune response, thereby improving the recovery chances of chronic hepatitis B
patients (Saltanat et al. 2009).
Camel milk contains lactoferrin protein. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein, which plays an important role in host defense system against pathogenic organisms. In Egypt, a clinical study was performed for the role of camel milk in hepatitis
C patients. The study shows that camel milk contains constituents that have the
ability to decrease the level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (Redwan and Tabll 2007). Another study was performed by EL-Fakharany
et al. (2012) on anti-infectivity of camel polyclonal antibodies against hepatitis C
virus in Huh7.5 hepatoma. They perform three experiments on PBMCs and HuH7.5
cell. They found that camel milk-lactoferrin inhibits the HCV infectivity on direct
interaction with HCV but human IgGs and casein failed to inhibit the HCV entry at
any tested concentration. The concentration at which camel lactoferrin inhibits
HCV replication was recorded to be at 0.25–1.25 mg/ml (EL-Fakharany et al. 2012).
12.4 Milk Products and Their Benefits
For over many centuries, Milk has been an invaluable dietary source of nutrition to
humans in the production of both fresh and storable nutritious foods. In some parts
of the globe more than a quarter of the milk produced is consumed as fresh pasteurized whole, low-fat, or skim milk. However, most milk is manufactured into more
standardized dairy products of global economic importance, such as butter, cheese,
dried milks, ice cream, and condensed milk. Milk or dairy products are the kinds of
foods that are obtained primarily from or contain milk of mammals such as cattle,
goats, sheep, etc. Milk can be used in different forms such as yoghurt, cheese, butter
and ice cream.
12 Health Benefits of Milk and Milk Products
cases (Haenlein 2004). Oligosaccharide is also a carbohydrate that is present in goat
milk. It is beneficial to human nutrition because of their prebiotic and anti-infective
properties. In animal models, goat milk oligosaccharides have been shown to have
anti-inflammatory effects in induced colitis (LaraVilloslada et al. 2006).
CLA (Conjugated linoleic acid) is a bioactive lipid present in goat milk. It has
anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties because it decreases the production
of cytokines, prostaglandins and immunoglobulins that are associated with atherosclerosis, cancer and irritable bowel disease (Park 2009).
On the other hand, Sheep milk contains high amount of fat in milk than other
dairy mammals (Mourad et al. 2014). Sheep milk has a high level of solids, fats and
conjugated linoleic acid that makes it more suitable than other milk for producing
high amount of cheese (Sinanoglou 2015).
Camel is a draught animal that has significance due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits. Its milk is called white gold of the desert (Wernery 2006). According
to a prospective study conducted by Saltanat et al. (2009) aimed at assessing the
influences of camel milk on the immune response of chronic hepatitis B patient,
they found out that camel milk corrects the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines network and inhibit the replication process of DNA by strengthening the cellular
immune response, thereby improving the recovery chances of chronic hepatitis B
patients (Saltanat et al. 2009).
Camel milk contains lactoferrin protein. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein, which plays an important role in host defense system against pathogenic organisms. In Egypt, a clinical study was performed for the role of camel milk in hepatitis
C patients. The study shows that camel milk contains constituents that have the
ability to decrease the level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (Redwan and Tabll 2007). Another study was performed by EL-Fakharany
et al. (2012) on anti-infectivity of camel polyclonal antibodies against hepatitis C
virus in Huh7.5 hepatoma. They perform three experiments on PBMCs and HuH7.5
cell. They found that camel milk-lactoferrin inhibits the HCV infectivity on direct
interaction with HCV but human IgGs and casein failed to inhibit the HCV entry at
any tested concentration. The concentration at which camel lactoferrin inhibits
HCV replication was recorded to be at 0.25–1.25 mg/ml (EL-Fakharany et al. 2012).
12.4 Milk Products and Their Benefits
For over many centuries, Milk has been an invaluable dietary source of nutrition to
humans in the production of both fresh and storable nutritious foods. In some parts
of the globe more than a quarter of the milk produced is consumed as fresh pasteurized whole, low-fat, or skim milk. However, most milk is manufactured into more
standardized dairy products of global economic importance, such as butter, cheese,
dried milks, ice cream, and condensed milk. Milk or dairy products are the kinds of
foods that are obtained primarily from or contain milk of mammals such as cattle,
goats, sheep, etc. Milk can be used in different forms such as yoghurt, cheese, butter
and ice cream.
12 Health Benefits of Milk and Milk Products