Preface
India has started various remedial measures to minimize the emission of greenhouse
gases. It has launched various schemes to promote the production of renewable
sources of energy (solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy,
hydroelectric energy, and biomass energy) on a large scale as well as on a small
scale in rural area. The government of India has promoted numerous steps to resolve
global warming and climate change. They have facilitated the production of renewable sources of energy on a major scale so that the consumption of fossil fuel is
minimized, which helps in reducing the carbon load in the atmosphere. Climate
change will significantly impact agriculture production, and water will be a major
constraint in the future for food production. Developing countries such as India are
more vulnerable, and the ramification of climate change on rain-fed agriculture areas
has been affecting the rural population owing to the large dependency on agriculture
for livelihood. Understanding how the cardinal and sensitive climate variables such
as temperature and precipitation changes will affect natural resources, and developing management policies for mitigation and adaption strategies with regional-scale
assessments, are crucial steps.
Most of the major cities and towns in India are located in river floodplains, which
causes additional stress to the river basins. During the past decades, more developmental activities have taken place in urban and agricultural lands, which has led to
additional stress in these floodplains, resulting in the loss of flood spread areas and
increase in flood risk in the downstream portions of the basin. For example, most
major European cities in England and Germany are located in floodplains that have
induced the burden in these rivers, and preventive measures have been undertaken to
recreate floodplain storage. In Indian cities such as Delhi, Vijayawada,
Hoshangabad, and Surat thers located along the banks of rivers often experience
floods for this reason, aggravated by several other factors as discussed subsequently.
Climate change may have direct effects on increase in temperature, which may have
a negative impact on fruit crops, temperate fruit crops as well as tropical and
subtropical fruits. Elevated CO 2 and changed precipitation are also considered
important, with direct effects on production technology, delay or early harvest,
vii
India has started various remedial measures to minimize the emission of greenhouse
gases. It has launched various schemes to promote the production of renewable
sources of energy (solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy,
hydroelectric energy, and biomass energy) on a large scale as well as on a small
scale in rural area. The government of India has promoted numerous steps to resolve
global warming and climate change. They have facilitated the production of renewable sources of energy on a major scale so that the consumption of fossil fuel is
minimized, which helps in reducing the carbon load in the atmosphere. Climate
change will significantly impact agriculture production, and water will be a major
constraint in the future for food production. Developing countries such as India are
more vulnerable, and the ramification of climate change on rain-fed agriculture areas
has been affecting the rural population owing to the large dependency on agriculture
for livelihood. Understanding how the cardinal and sensitive climate variables such
as temperature and precipitation changes will affect natural resources, and developing management policies for mitigation and adaption strategies with regional-scale
assessments, are crucial steps.
Most of the major cities and towns in India are located in river floodplains, which
causes additional stress to the river basins. During the past decades, more developmental activities have taken place in urban and agricultural lands, which has led to
additional stress in these floodplains, resulting in the loss of flood spread areas and
increase in flood risk in the downstream portions of the basin. For example, most
major European cities in England and Germany are located in floodplains that have
induced the burden in these rivers, and preventive measures have been undertaken to
recreate floodplain storage. In Indian cities such as Delhi, Vijayawada,
Hoshangabad, and Surat thers located along the banks of rivers often experience
floods for this reason, aggravated by several other factors as discussed subsequently.
Climate change may have direct effects on increase in temperature, which may have
a negative impact on fruit crops, temperate fruit crops as well as tropical and
subtropical fruits. Elevated CO 2 and changed precipitation are also considered
important, with direct effects on production technology, delay or early harvest,
vii