Space limitations prevent us from providing a complete list of the areas
encompassed by our study of sclerotia grains. We wish to express our special
gratitude to the late Prof. Manfred Fruehauf, Martin Luther University of HalleWittenberg; Associate Professor Urlike Hardenbicker, University of Regina,
Canada; Ms. Angelika Pott, Hamburg, Germany; and Dr. Reiko Liermann, Leipzig
University, for their support during fieldwork in Germany. Fieldwork in Mongolia
was conducted with the support of Prof. Bayanjargal Ochirkyuyag, President of the
National University of Mongolia (NUM) and a strong partnership between NUM
and Tokyo Metropolitan University. We thank all graduate students at the Tokyo
Institute of Technology, Ibaraki University, Kobe University, Meijo University, and
Tokyo Metropolitan University, who helped with field collection of sclerotia and
with lab work. M. Watanabe expresses special appreciation to Prof. Nobuhide
Fujitake of Kobe University and Prof. Hiroyuki Ohta, President of Ibaraki University
for their contributions to sclerotia projects.
The authors thank Mr. K. Sugiura, Mr. S. Yoshimi, and Mr. M. Kato, Shimadzu
Analytical & Measuring Center, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan; Dr. Shinji Sugiyama,
Paleoenvironment Research, Miyazaki, Japan; Associate Prof. Yudzuru Inoue,
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science; Prof. Syuntaro Hiradate, Kyushu University; Mr. R. Ohki, Senior Technician, and Mr. J. Koki of the Technical Dept., Tokyo
Institute of Technology; Mr. S. Suzuki, Mr. T. Hattori, Mr. T. Hatano, and
Mr. H. Terashima of JEOL, Tokyo, Japan, for technical support in sclerotia grain
observation and analyses; and Prof. Hiroyuki Matsuzaki of Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, University of Tokyo, and Mr. Ryosuke Hayase of the
Institute of Accelerator Analysis, Fukushima, Japan, for their support in
14 C dating
of sclerotia grains.
M. Watanabe is grateful to Emeritus Prof. Kazuhiko Egashira of Kyushu University, Emeritus Prof. Kazue Tazaki of Kanazawa University, Prof. Katsutoshi
Sakurai, President of Kochi University, Associate Prof. Akiyoshi Yamada of
Shinshu University, Emeritus Prof. Masami Nanzyo of Tohoku University, Emeritus
Prof. Masaki Furuya of the University of Tokyo, Dr. Nobuyasu Ito of the National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan, Dr.
Tyrone L. Daulton of Washington University in St. Louis, and Prof.
Tsookhuu Khinayat of the National University of Mongolia for their valuable advice
on our sclerotia grain research. M. Watanabe sincerely thanks Emeritus Prof.
Atsuyuki Okabe, University of Tokyo, who named our research “pedosclerotiology” and encouraged the writing of this book.
M. Watanabe would like to thank Mr. Yosuke Nishida and Ms. Taeko Sato of
Springer Japan, Mr. Prasad Gurunadham of Springer Nature, and Ms. Parttibane
ArulVani of SPi Global for their kind support and technical assistance to realize the
publishing of this contributed volume.
Tokyo, Japan
Makiko Watanabe
July 2020
Preface
ix
encompassed by our study of sclerotia grains. We wish to express our special
gratitude to the late Prof. Manfred Fruehauf, Martin Luther University of HalleWittenberg; Associate Professor Urlike Hardenbicker, University of Regina,
Canada; Ms. Angelika Pott, Hamburg, Germany; and Dr. Reiko Liermann, Leipzig
University, for their support during fieldwork in Germany. Fieldwork in Mongolia
was conducted with the support of Prof. Bayanjargal Ochirkyuyag, President of the
National University of Mongolia (NUM) and a strong partnership between NUM
and Tokyo Metropolitan University. We thank all graduate students at the Tokyo
Institute of Technology, Ibaraki University, Kobe University, Meijo University, and
Tokyo Metropolitan University, who helped with field collection of sclerotia and
with lab work. M. Watanabe expresses special appreciation to Prof. Nobuhide
Fujitake of Kobe University and Prof. Hiroyuki Ohta, President of Ibaraki University
for their contributions to sclerotia projects.
The authors thank Mr. K. Sugiura, Mr. S. Yoshimi, and Mr. M. Kato, Shimadzu
Analytical & Measuring Center, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan; Dr. Shinji Sugiyama,
Paleoenvironment Research, Miyazaki, Japan; Associate Prof. Yudzuru Inoue,
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science; Prof. Syuntaro Hiradate, Kyushu University; Mr. R. Ohki, Senior Technician, and Mr. J. Koki of the Technical Dept., Tokyo
Institute of Technology; Mr. S. Suzuki, Mr. T. Hattori, Mr. T. Hatano, and
Mr. H. Terashima of JEOL, Tokyo, Japan, for technical support in sclerotia grain
observation and analyses; and Prof. Hiroyuki Matsuzaki of Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, University of Tokyo, and Mr. Ryosuke Hayase of the
Institute of Accelerator Analysis, Fukushima, Japan, for their support in
14 C dating
of sclerotia grains.
M. Watanabe is grateful to Emeritus Prof. Kazuhiko Egashira of Kyushu University, Emeritus Prof. Kazue Tazaki of Kanazawa University, Prof. Katsutoshi
Sakurai, President of Kochi University, Associate Prof. Akiyoshi Yamada of
Shinshu University, Emeritus Prof. Masami Nanzyo of Tohoku University, Emeritus
Prof. Masaki Furuya of the University of Tokyo, Dr. Nobuyasu Ito of the National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan, Dr.
Tyrone L. Daulton of Washington University in St. Louis, and Prof.
Tsookhuu Khinayat of the National University of Mongolia for their valuable advice
on our sclerotia grain research. M. Watanabe sincerely thanks Emeritus Prof.
Atsuyuki Okabe, University of Tokyo, who named our research “pedosclerotiology” and encouraged the writing of this book.
M. Watanabe would like to thank Mr. Yosuke Nishida and Ms. Taeko Sato of
Springer Japan, Mr. Prasad Gurunadham of Springer Nature, and Ms. Parttibane
ArulVani of SPi Global for their kind support and technical assistance to realize the
publishing of this contributed volume.
Tokyo, Japan
Makiko Watanabe
July 2020
Preface
ix