Chen L, Yan W, Xu Y (2007) Identification and preliminary analysis of the genetic diversity of
Cenococcum geophilum Fr. Agric Sci China 6:956–963
Chen Y, Nara K, Wen Z, Shi L, Xia Y, Shen Z, Lian C (2015) Growth and photosynthetic responses
of ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings exposed to elevated Cu in soils. Mycorrhiza 25:561–571
Cohen RJ (1985) Alkaline phosphatase from Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Exp Mycol 9:195–202
Crusberg TC (2004) Biomineralization of copper by a fungus revealed by SEM. Microsc Anal
64:5–7
Dahlberg A, Jonsson L, Nylund JE (1997) Species diversity and distribution of biomass above and
below ground among ectomycorrhizal fungi in an old-growth Norway spruce forest in south
Sweden. Can J Bot 75:1323–1335
Davis FWJ, Lees H (1972) Alkaline phosphatases of Neurosporacrassa. Part II Product inhibition
studies. Can J Microbiol 18:407–421
Davis FWJ, Lees H (1973) Alkaline phosphatases of Neurosporacrassa. Part III. Effects of pH and
mechanism of action. Can J Microbiol 19:135–146
Dickie IA, Reich PB (2005) Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities at forest edges. J Ecol 93
(2):244–255
Dorjgotov D (2003) Mongolian soil. Institute of Geography of Mongolian Academy of Sciences,
Ulaanbaatar. (in Mongolia with English summary)
Dorjgotov D, Shirnin G (eds) (1976) Mongolian soil-geographical area. Academy of Sciences
Publishing press, Ulaanbaatar. (in Mongolia)
Dunstan WA, Dell B, Malajczuk N (1998) The diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with
introduces Pinus spp. in the southern hemisphere, with particular reference to Western Australia.
Mycorrhiza 8:71–79
Fogel R, Hunt G (1979) Fungal and arboreal biomass in a western Oregon Douglas-fir ecosystem:
distribution patterns and turnover. Can J For Res 9:245–256
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2015) World reference base for soil
resources 2014. World soil resources report 106. FAO, Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3794en.
pdf
Froncisz W, Sarna T, Hyde JS (1980) Cu
2+ probe of metal-ion binding sites in melanin using
electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Biochem Biophys 202:289–303
Hochberg ML, Sargent ML (1973) Regulation of repressible alkaline phosphatase of organic acids
and metal ions in Neurosporacrassa. Can J Microbiol 19:1487–1492
Huang Q, Shindo H (2000) Effects of copper on the activity and kinetics of free and immobilized
acid phosphatase. Soil Biol Biochem 32:1885–1892
Jonsson L, Anders D, Tor-Erik B (2000) Spatiotemporal distribution of an ectomycorrhizal
community in an oligotrophic Swedish Picea abies forest subjected to experimental nitrogen
addition: above- and below-ground views. For Ecol Manage 132:143–156
Khoo KM, Ting YP (2000) Biosorption of gold by immobilized fungal biomass. Biochem Eng J
8:51–59
Kobayashi H, Momohara A, Ohmori A, Kondo R, Sato M (2015) Fossil sclerotium (Cenococcum
geophilum) from the Late Holocene Peaty sediment and its relationship with vegetation in and
around Giboshi Pond, Rishiri Island, Hokkaido. Rishiri Res 34:85–90
Larsson B, Tjalve H (1978) Studies on the melanin-affinity of metal ions. Acta Physiol Scand
104:479–484
LoBuglio KF (1999) Cenococcum. In: Cairney JWG, John WG, Chambers SM (eds)
Ectomycorrhizal fungi key genera in profile. Springer, Berlin, pp 287–309
Massicotte HB, Trapp JM, Peterson RL, Melville LH (1992) Studies on Cenococcum geophilum.
II. Sclerotium morphology, germination, and formation in pure culture and growth pouches. Can
J Bot 70:125–132
Matsuda Y, Hayakawa N, Ito S (2009) Local and microscale distributions of Cenococcum
geophilum in soils of coastal pine forests. Fung Ecol 2:31–35
Montgomery DC (1911) Design and analysis of experiments. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY
11 Melanized Sclerotia Grains from Mongolian Steppe Forest Soils
207
Cenococcum geophilum Fr. Agric Sci China 6:956–963
Chen Y, Nara K, Wen Z, Shi L, Xia Y, Shen Z, Lian C (2015) Growth and photosynthetic responses
of ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings exposed to elevated Cu in soils. Mycorrhiza 25:561–571
Cohen RJ (1985) Alkaline phosphatase from Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Exp Mycol 9:195–202
Crusberg TC (2004) Biomineralization of copper by a fungus revealed by SEM. Microsc Anal
64:5–7
Dahlberg A, Jonsson L, Nylund JE (1997) Species diversity and distribution of biomass above and
below ground among ectomycorrhizal fungi in an old-growth Norway spruce forest in south
Sweden. Can J Bot 75:1323–1335
Davis FWJ, Lees H (1972) Alkaline phosphatases of Neurosporacrassa. Part II Product inhibition
studies. Can J Microbiol 18:407–421
Davis FWJ, Lees H (1973) Alkaline phosphatases of Neurosporacrassa. Part III. Effects of pH and
mechanism of action. Can J Microbiol 19:135–146
Dickie IA, Reich PB (2005) Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities at forest edges. J Ecol 93
(2):244–255
Dorjgotov D (2003) Mongolian soil. Institute of Geography of Mongolian Academy of Sciences,
Ulaanbaatar. (in Mongolia with English summary)
Dorjgotov D, Shirnin G (eds) (1976) Mongolian soil-geographical area. Academy of Sciences
Publishing press, Ulaanbaatar. (in Mongolia)
Dunstan WA, Dell B, Malajczuk N (1998) The diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with
introduces Pinus spp. in the southern hemisphere, with particular reference to Western Australia.
Mycorrhiza 8:71–79
Fogel R, Hunt G (1979) Fungal and arboreal biomass in a western Oregon Douglas-fir ecosystem:
distribution patterns and turnover. Can J For Res 9:245–256
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2015) World reference base for soil
resources 2014. World soil resources report 106. FAO, Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3794en.
Froncisz W, Sarna T, Hyde JS (1980) Cu
2+ probe of metal-ion binding sites in melanin using
electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Biochem Biophys 202:289–303
Hochberg ML, Sargent ML (1973) Regulation of repressible alkaline phosphatase of organic acids
and metal ions in Neurosporacrassa. Can J Microbiol 19:1487–1492
Huang Q, Shindo H (2000) Effects of copper on the activity and kinetics of free and immobilized
acid phosphatase. Soil Biol Biochem 32:1885–1892
Jonsson L, Anders D, Tor-Erik B (2000) Spatiotemporal distribution of an ectomycorrhizal
community in an oligotrophic Swedish Picea abies forest subjected to experimental nitrogen
addition: above- and below-ground views. For Ecol Manage 132:143–156
Khoo KM, Ting YP (2000) Biosorption of gold by immobilized fungal biomass. Biochem Eng J
8:51–59
Kobayashi H, Momohara A, Ohmori A, Kondo R, Sato M (2015) Fossil sclerotium (Cenococcum
geophilum) from the Late Holocene Peaty sediment and its relationship with vegetation in and
around Giboshi Pond, Rishiri Island, Hokkaido. Rishiri Res 34:85–90
Larsson B, Tjalve H (1978) Studies on the melanin-affinity of metal ions. Acta Physiol Scand
104:479–484
LoBuglio KF (1999) Cenococcum. In: Cairney JWG, John WG, Chambers SM (eds)
Ectomycorrhizal fungi key genera in profile. Springer, Berlin, pp 287–309
Massicotte HB, Trapp JM, Peterson RL, Melville LH (1992) Studies on Cenococcum geophilum.
II. Sclerotium morphology, germination, and formation in pure culture and growth pouches. Can
J Bot 70:125–132
Matsuda Y, Hayakawa N, Ito S (2009) Local and microscale distributions of Cenococcum
geophilum in soils of coastal pine forests. Fung Ecol 2:31–35
Montgomery DC (1911) Design and analysis of experiments. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY
11 Melanized Sclerotia Grains from Mongolian Steppe Forest Soils
207