CO 2 /CH 4 separation performance for MOF-based mixed
matrix membranes. It is seen that PSF and Matrimid have
compatibility with various MOFs.
4 Research and Development Prospects
for Membrane-Based Natural Gas
Purification
Future research opportunities, directions, and development
of membrane technology have many driving forces such as
economic and environmental reasons and growing interest of
industries and markets. This section shows the prospective
research and development activities in the field of natural gas
purification via membrane separation process.
MMMs prepared are still lacking in high CO 2 /CH 4
selectivity and plasticized at high feed pressure. In the near
future, the research for the purification of natural gas using
membrane process will extend in more directions such as:
synthesize new membrane materials (polymer and inorganic
materials) with high separation performance, materials could
perform in a harsh environment with high resistance, plasticization reduction with improved performance, enhanced
CO 2 selectivity with longer service life and hollow fiber
Fig. 5 Schematic representations
of the general classification of
porous solids and a typical
construction procedure of MOF
(Li et al. 2011b)
Table 6 Performance of various MOF-based MMMs for CO 2 /CH 4 separation
MMM materials
Filler content (%)
Permeability
(barrer)
a
Selectivity (a)
P CO2 =P CH4
References
Polymer
MOF
P CO2
P CH4
PSF
Cu 3 (BTC) 2
10
3034
902.9
3.36
Anja et al. (2006)
PSF
Mn(HCOO) 2
10
6.83
0.75
9.16
Anja et al. (2006)
Matrimid
Cu-BPY-HFS
20
9.88
0.358
27.62
Yanfeng et al. (2008)
Matrimid
MOF-5
30
20.2
0.45
44.89
b
Edson et al. (2009)
PSF
MIL-101
19
32
1.36
23.50
Jeazet et al. (2013)
PSF
HKUST-1
16
8.80
0.54
16.20
b
Beatriz et al. (2011)
6FDA-ODA
NH 2 -MOF-199
25
26.6
0.45
59.6
Nik et al. (2012)
Matrimid
MIL-53
15
12.4
0.24
51.8
Dorosti et al. (2014)
6FDA-ODA
UiO-66
25
50.4
1.09
46.1
Nik et al. (2012)
Matrimid
Fe(BTC)
30
13.5
0.45
30
Shahid and Nijmeijer (2014)
Matrimid
MOP-18
44
15.6
0.947
16.47
Perez et al. (2014)
Matrimid
Cu 3 (BTC) 2
20
24.8
0.656
37.8
Duan et al. (2014)
a 1 barrer = 846 mL (gas) mm per cm
2 per day and per bar or 10
−10 cm
3 (STP) cm cm
−2 s
−1 cm Hg
−1
b
Mixed gas permeation test
68
I. U. Khan et al.
matrix membranes. It is seen that PSF and Matrimid have
compatibility with various MOFs.
4 Research and Development Prospects
for Membrane-Based Natural Gas
Purification
Future research opportunities, directions, and development
of membrane technology have many driving forces such as
economic and environmental reasons and growing interest of
industries and markets. This section shows the prospective
research and development activities in the field of natural gas
purification via membrane separation process.
MMMs prepared are still lacking in high CO 2 /CH 4
selectivity and plasticized at high feed pressure. In the near
future, the research for the purification of natural gas using
membrane process will extend in more directions such as:
synthesize new membrane materials (polymer and inorganic
materials) with high separation performance, materials could
perform in a harsh environment with high resistance, plasticization reduction with improved performance, enhanced
CO 2 selectivity with longer service life and hollow fiber
Fig. 5 Schematic representations
of the general classification of
porous solids and a typical
construction procedure of MOF
(Li et al. 2011b)
Table 6 Performance of various MOF-based MMMs for CO 2 /CH 4 separation
MMM materials
Filler content (%)
Permeability
(barrer)
a
Selectivity (a)
P CO2 =P CH4
References
Polymer
MOF
P CO2
P CH4
PSF
Cu 3 (BTC) 2
10
3034
902.9
3.36
Anja et al. (2006)
PSF
Mn(HCOO) 2
10
6.83
0.75
9.16
Anja et al. (2006)
Matrimid
Cu-BPY-HFS
20
9.88
0.358
27.62
Yanfeng et al. (2008)
Matrimid
MOF-5
30
20.2
0.45
44.89
b
Edson et al. (2009)
PSF
MIL-101
19
32
1.36
23.50
Jeazet et al. (2013)
PSF
HKUST-1
16
8.80
0.54
16.20
b
Beatriz et al. (2011)
6FDA-ODA
NH 2 -MOF-199
25
26.6
0.45
59.6
Nik et al. (2012)
Matrimid
MIL-53
15
12.4
0.24
51.8
Dorosti et al. (2014)
6FDA-ODA
UiO-66
25
50.4
1.09
46.1
Nik et al. (2012)
Matrimid
Fe(BTC)
30
13.5
0.45
30
Shahid and Nijmeijer (2014)
Matrimid
MOP-18
44
15.6
0.947
16.47
Perez et al. (2014)
Matrimid
Cu 3 (BTC) 2
20
24.8
0.656
37.8
Duan et al. (2014)
a 1 barrer = 846 mL (gas) mm per cm
2 per day and per bar or 10
−10 cm
3 (STP) cm cm
−2 s
−1 cm Hg
−1
b
Mixed gas permeation test
68
I. U. Khan et al.