Table 6
Examples of PHAs materials processed by phase inversion
PHA
Structure preparation
Structure
morphology
Tested for
Refs.
Solvent
Polymer
concentration
Additive
Phase
inversion
P(3HB) (Mw = 430,000 g/mol), P(3HB3HV)
(9 mol% HV) (596,000 g/mol) and P(3HB3HV)
(22 mol% HV) (670,900 g/mol)
Chloroform/tetrahydrofuran
(THF) (various ratio)
10 wt%
None
EIPS
Dense
Pervaporation
membranes
Mas et al.
(1996)
None
EIPS + VIPS
Porous
asymmetric
Microfiltration
membranes
P(3HB) (Mn = 87,000 g/mol), P(3HB3HV)
(8 mol% HV) (92,000 g/mol), P(3HB3HV)
(14 mol% HV) (56,000 g/mol), and P(3HB3HV)
(22 mol% HV) (100,000 g/mol)
Chloroform
1% w/v
None
EIPS
Dense
Pervaporation
membranes
Galego
et al.
(2002)
P(3HB) (Mw = 524,000 g/mol)
Chloroform
6% w/v
None
EIPS
Dense
Pervaporation
membranes
Villegas
et al.
(2011)
P(3HB) (Mw = 3500 g/mol)
Chloroform
0.6 wt%
None
EIPS
Dense
Sorption
diffusion of
water
Taylor
et al.
(1998)
P(3HB4HB) (13 mol% 4HB)
N-methly-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP)
10, 12 and
17 wt%
PEG
1000 g/mol
VIPS
Porous
asymmetric
Antibiofilm
materials
Marcano
et al.
(2015)
P(3HB4HB) (13 mol% 4HB)
(Mw = 310,000 g/mol)
NMP
17 wt%
PVP
40,000 g/mol
and
360,000 g/mol
VIPS
Porous
asymmetric
Antibiofilm
materials
Marcano
et al.
(2017)
P(3HB3HHx) (12 mol% 3HHx)
(Mw = 550,000 g/mol)
Dioxane
5 wt%
None
TIPS
Porous
symmetric
Biomedical
application
Xi et al.
(2007)
P(3HB) (Mw = 822,000 g/mol)
Dioxane
1%, 2.3%,
3.3% w/v
None
TIPS
Porous
symmetric
Hydrophilic
scaffolds
Guzman
et al.
(2011)
P(3HB3HV) (8 mol% HV)
Chloroform/dichloromethane
(1/2 v/v)
4%, 6%, 8%
w/v
Sucrose
Evaporation
Porous
symmetric
Biomedical
application
Torun
Kose
et al.
(2003)
P(3HB3HV) (3 mol% HV)
(Mw = 300,000 g/mol)
Chloroform
14% w/v
NaCl
Evaporation
Porous
symmetric
Biomedical
application
Wang
et al.
(2013)
P(3HB3HHx) (12 mol% 3HHx)
Chloroform
2% w/v
NaCl
Evaporation
Porous
symmetric
Biomedical
application
Wang
et al.
(2005)
(continued)
186
P. Tomietto et al.