emissions under present and future conditions in the
eastern United States. Geophys Res Lett 35(12):n/a
34. CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards –
Ammonia. [Online]. Available: https://www.cdc.
gov/niosh/npg/npgd0028.html?fbclid=IwAR0MCQ
tn7Jf-5yTzf-XvlQcVL3n45RcFjozQ0P_4EB2KwnC
yxnJKpPlYDI4. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
35. Behera SN, Sharma M, Aneja VP, Balasubramanian
R (2013) Ammonia in the atmosphere: a review on
emission sources, atmospheric chemistry and deposition on terrestrial bodies. Environ Sci Pollut Res
20(11):8092–8131
36. The Facts About Ammonia [Online]. Available:
https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/
chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm.
Accessed
22 Mar 2019
37. ATSDR – Public Health Statement: Ammonia.
[Online]. Available: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/
phs.asp?id=9&tid=2. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
38. Atai A (2014) Methane safety. Agriculture, food and
rural development. [Online]. https://www1.agric.gov.
ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex9038/$file/
729-2.pdf?OpenElement&fbclid=IwAR1kqzolBzj46
xk1fyTuQULkl3dsQiYdDI8LlIcnVLbVhEPQ33HIy
cI7v_c. Accessed 20 June 2019
39. Chemical hazards compendium. GOV. UK. [Online].
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/chemi
cal-hazards-compendium. Accessed 20 June 2019
40. AR5 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2014 –
IPCC. [Online]. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/syr/.
Accessed 20 June 2019
41. U.S. EPA(2012) Benzene. United States Environmental Protection Agency. [Online]. https://www.
epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/.../benzene.
pdf
42. Salthammer T, Mentese S, Marutzky R (2010) Formaldehyde in the indoor environment. Chem Rev
110:2536–2572
43. Long Term Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds
(Benzene, Formaldehyde) [Online]. Available: https://
foobot.io/guides/long-term-effects-of-volatile-organiccompounds.php. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
44. World Health Organization (ed) (2000) Air quality
guidelines for Europe, 2nd edn. World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen
45. U.S. EPA(2015) Volatile organic compounds emissions. United States Environmental Protection
Agency. [Online]. https://cfpub.epa.gov/roe/indica
tor_pdf.cfm?i=23. Accessed 20 June 2019
46. World Health Organization Regional Office for
Europe (2007) Health risks of heavy metals from
long-range transboundary air pollution. WHO
Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. [Online].
http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007
/78649/E91044.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2019
47. Keeling CD, Piper SC, Bacastow RB, et al (2005)
Atmospheric CO 2 and 13CO 2 exchange with the
terrestrial biosphere and oceans from 1978 to 2000:
observations and carbon cycle implications. In:
Baldwin IT, Caldwell MM, Heldmaier G, et al (eds)
A history of atmospheric CO 2 and its effects on
plants, animals, and ecosystems. Springer New
York, New York, pp 83–113
48. D. C. Carbon Brief. (2012). How long do greenhouse
gases stay in the air? | Environment | The Guardian.
[Online]. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/
environment/2012/jan/16/greenhouse-gases-remainair. Accessed 15 Jan 2019
49. Main sources of carbon dioxide emissions | What’s
your impact. [Online]. Available: https://whatsyourim
pact.org/greenhouse-gases/carbon-dioxide-emissions.
Accessed 08 Feb 2019
50. Department of the Environment and Heritage, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – Air quality fact sheet 2005.
[Online]. Available: http://www.environment.gov.au/
protection/publications/factsheet-nitrogen-dioxide-no2.
Accessed 08 Feb 2019
51. Compound Database (2019) National Center for Biotechnology Information. [Online]. https://pubchem.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222
52. Gong L, Lewicki R, Griffin RJ, et al (2013) Role of
atmospheric ammonia in particulate matter formation
in Houston during summertime. Atmos Environ
77:893–900
53. European Union Network for the Implementation and
Enforcement of Environmental Law, Air pollution from
agriculture: ammonia exceeds emission limits in 2015
pollution-from-agriculture-ammonia-exceeds-emissionlimits-in-2015/. Accessed 08 Feb 2019
54. Sun J, Wu F, Hu B, Tang G, Zhang J, Wang Y (2016)
VOC characteristics, emissions and contributions to
SOA formation during hazy episodes. Atmos Environ 141:560–570
55. Working Group on Arsenic, Cadmium And Nickel
(2000) Compounds ambient air pollution by AS, CD
and NI compounds. EU. [Online]. http://ec.europa.
eu/environment/archives/air/pdf/pp_as_cd_ni.pdf.
Accessed 20 June 2019
56. Li H, Qian X, Geng Wang Q (2013) Heavy metals in
atmospheric particulate matter: a comprehensive
understanding is needed for monitoring and risk mitigation. Environ SciTechnol 13:28–28
57. Maud J, Rumsby P, Great Britain, Environment
Agency (2008) A review of the toxicity of arsenic
in air. Environment Agency, Bristol
58. WHO (2003) Cadmium review. WHO. [Online].
https://www.who.int/ifcs/documents/forums/forum5
/nmr_cadmium.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2019
59. Zhang Z, Chau PYK, Lai HK, Wong CM (2009) A
review of effects of particulate matter-associated
nickel and vanadium species on cardiovascular and
respiratory systems. Int J Environ Health Res
19:175–185
60. Wani AL, Ara A, Usmani JA (Jun. 2015) Lead toxicity: a review. Interdiscip Toxicol 8(2):55–64
61. Carriazo F (2016) Economics and air pollution. Air
quality – measurement and modeling
508
Industrial Emissions Control Technologies: Introduction
eastern United States. Geophys Res Lett 35(12):n/a
34. CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards –
Ammonia. [Online]. Available: https://www.cdc.
gov/niosh/npg/npgd0028.html?fbclid=IwAR0MCQ
tn7Jf-5yTzf-XvlQcVL3n45RcFjozQ0P_4EB2KwnC
yxnJKpPlYDI4. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
35. Behera SN, Sharma M, Aneja VP, Balasubramanian
R (2013) Ammonia in the atmosphere: a review on
emission sources, atmospheric chemistry and deposition on terrestrial bodies. Environ Sci Pollut Res
20(11):8092–8131
36. The Facts About Ammonia [Online]. Available:
https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/
chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm.
Accessed
22 Mar 2019
37. ATSDR – Public Health Statement: Ammonia.
[Online]. Available: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/
phs.asp?id=9&tid=2. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
38. Atai A (2014) Methane safety. Agriculture, food and
rural development. [Online]. https://www1.agric.gov.
ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex9038/$file/
729-2.pdf?OpenElement&fbclid=IwAR1kqzolBzj46
xk1fyTuQULkl3dsQiYdDI8LlIcnVLbVhEPQ33HIy
cI7v_c. Accessed 20 June 2019
39. Chemical hazards compendium. GOV. UK. [Online].
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/chemi
cal-hazards-compendium. Accessed 20 June 2019
40. AR5 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2014 –
IPCC. [Online]. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/syr/.
Accessed 20 June 2019
41. U.S. EPA(2012) Benzene. United States Environmental Protection Agency. [Online]. https://www.
epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/.../benzene.
42. Salthammer T, Mentese S, Marutzky R (2010) Formaldehyde in the indoor environment. Chem Rev
110:2536–2572
43. Long Term Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds
(Benzene, Formaldehyde) [Online]. Available: https://
foobot.io/guides/long-term-effects-of-volatile-organiccompounds.php. Accessed 22 Mar 2019
44. World Health Organization (ed) (2000) Air quality
guidelines for Europe, 2nd edn. World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen
45. U.S. EPA(2015) Volatile organic compounds emissions. United States Environmental Protection
Agency. [Online]. https://cfpub.epa.gov/roe/indica
tor_pdf.cfm?i=23. Accessed 20 June 2019
46. World Health Organization Regional Office for
Europe (2007) Health risks of heavy metals from
long-range transboundary air pollution. WHO
Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. [Online].
http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007
/78649/E91044.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2019
47. Keeling CD, Piper SC, Bacastow RB, et al (2005)
Atmospheric CO 2 and 13CO 2 exchange with the
terrestrial biosphere and oceans from 1978 to 2000:
observations and carbon cycle implications. In:
Baldwin IT, Caldwell MM, Heldmaier G, et al (eds)
A history of atmospheric CO 2 and its effects on
plants, animals, and ecosystems. Springer New
York, New York, pp 83–113
48. D. C. Carbon Brief. (2012). How long do greenhouse
gases stay in the air? | Environment | The Guardian.
[Online]. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/
environment/2012/jan/16/greenhouse-gases-remainair. Accessed 15 Jan 2019
49. Main sources of carbon dioxide emissions | What’s
your impact. [Online]. Available: https://whatsyourim
pact.org/greenhouse-gases/carbon-dioxide-emissions.
Accessed 08 Feb 2019
50. Department of the Environment and Heritage, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – Air quality fact sheet 2005.
[Online]. Available: http://www.environment.gov.au/
protection/publications/factsheet-nitrogen-dioxide-no2.
Accessed 08 Feb 2019
51. Compound Database (2019) National Center for Biotechnology Information. [Online]. https://pubchem.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222
52. Gong L, Lewicki R, Griffin RJ, et al (2013) Role of
atmospheric ammonia in particulate matter formation
in Houston during summertime. Atmos Environ
77:893–900
53. European Union Network for the Implementation and
Enforcement of Environmental Law, Air pollution from
agriculture: ammonia exceeds emission limits in 2015
pollution-from-agriculture-ammonia-exceeds-emissionlimits-in-2015/. Accessed 08 Feb 2019
54. Sun J, Wu F, Hu B, Tang G, Zhang J, Wang Y (2016)
VOC characteristics, emissions and contributions to
SOA formation during hazy episodes. Atmos Environ 141:560–570
55. Working Group on Arsenic, Cadmium And Nickel
(2000) Compounds ambient air pollution by AS, CD
and NI compounds. EU. [Online]. http://ec.europa.
eu/environment/archives/air/pdf/pp_as_cd_ni.pdf.
Accessed 20 June 2019
56. Li H, Qian X, Geng Wang Q (2013) Heavy metals in
atmospheric particulate matter: a comprehensive
understanding is needed for monitoring and risk mitigation. Environ SciTechnol 13:28–28
57. Maud J, Rumsby P, Great Britain, Environment
Agency (2008) A review of the toxicity of arsenic
in air. Environment Agency, Bristol
58. WHO (2003) Cadmium review. WHO. [Online].
https://www.who.int/ifcs/documents/forums/forum5
/nmr_cadmium.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2019
59. Zhang Z, Chau PYK, Lai HK, Wong CM (2009) A
review of effects of particulate matter-associated
nickel and vanadium species on cardiovascular and
respiratory systems. Int J Environ Health Res
19:175–185
60. Wani AL, Ara A, Usmani JA (Jun. 2015) Lead toxicity: a review. Interdiscip Toxicol 8(2):55–64
61. Carriazo F (2016) Economics and air pollution. Air
quality – measurement and modeling
508
Industrial Emissions Control Technologies: Introduction