1990
1995
2000
-180
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
352
357
362
367
372
377
382
APO / per meg
CO 2 / ppm
change due to fossil fuel combustion only
Atomospheric increase
Land biotic uptake
Ocean uptake
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
1991
1996
2001
2006
2011
2016
O
2 /N
2 ratio / per mg
Time / yr
Oxygen Concentrations Recorded at Mauna Loa
Observatory (1991-2018)
a
b
Air Pollution and Climate Change: Sustainability,
Restoration, and Ethical Implications, Fig. 5 (a) the
records of O 2 :N 2 ratio; (b) Vector diagram showing the
calculation of the global oceanic and land biotic carbon
sinks [25] from 1990 to 2000, “the slope for the oceanic
sink is fixed to an APO:CO 2 molar ratio of 1.1, whereas the
land sink by terrestrial system is a horizontal line, having
no effect on APO” [25]
290
Air Pollution and Climate Change: Sustainability, Restoration, and Ethical Implications