212 unifying physics of accelerators, lasers and plasma
There is one particular injection mechanism that can
overcome limitations imposed by Liouville’s theorem — the
charge-exchange injection. In this case, H − ions are injected
into the beamline through a thin foil. Ion interactions at the
foil strip away two electrons and the ions are therefore converted (at the foil) to protons.
,QMHFWHGEHDP
(PSW\SKDVHYROXPH
6
FIGURE 10.35
Longitudinal phase-space stacking.
This charge-exchange injection can be applied many times
into the same phase space. Since the foil is inserted into the
accelerator on the way to the main circulating beam (see
Fig. 10.36), the number of injections is limited by the scattering of the circulating beam on this foil.
&LUFXODWLQJEHDP
,QMHFWHGEHDP
%HQGLQJPDJQHWV
S
+
6WULSSLQJIRLO
S
FIGURE 10.36
Charge-exchange injection.
10.4.3 Coherent addition of laser pulses
Returning to the laser theme, we would like to briefly mention a technique recently suggested 12 to coherently add laser
pulses.
Refer to Sections 4.2.3 and
The technique is aimed in particular to fiber lasers that
4.2.4 for discussion of fiber can produce pulses with high efficiency (tens of percent) and
laser repetition rate and TRIZ high repetition rates (tens of kHz and higher). The idea of
inventive principles.
12 Gerard Mourou et al., Nature Photonics 7, 258–261 (2013).
There is one particular injection mechanism that can
overcome limitations imposed by Liouville’s theorem — the
charge-exchange injection. In this case, H − ions are injected
into the beamline through a thin foil. Ion interactions at the
foil strip away two electrons and the ions are therefore converted (at the foil) to protons.
,QMHFWHGEHDP
(PSW\SKDVHYROXPH
6
FIGURE 10.35
Longitudinal phase-space stacking.
This charge-exchange injection can be applied many times
into the same phase space. Since the foil is inserted into the
accelerator on the way to the main circulating beam (see
Fig. 10.36), the number of injections is limited by the scattering of the circulating beam on this foil.
&LUFXODWLQJEHDP
,QMHFWHGEHDP
%HQGLQJPDJQHWV
S
+
6WULSSLQJIRLO
S
FIGURE 10.36
Charge-exchange injection.
10.4.3 Coherent addition of laser pulses
Returning to the laser theme, we would like to briefly mention a technique recently suggested 12 to coherently add laser
pulses.
Refer to Sections 4.2.3 and
The technique is aimed in particular to fiber lasers that
4.2.4 for discussion of fiber can produce pulses with high efficiency (tens of percent) and
laser repetition rate and TRIZ high repetition rates (tens of kHz and higher). The idea of
inventive principles.
12 Gerard Mourou et al., Nature Photonics 7, 258–261 (2013).