310
L. M. Floriani and E. N. de Moura
(Brasil 2001), which purpose is to introduce urban development politics to arrange
full development of the city social duties.
As in the Statute, other public politics have been created with the purpose of
reducing urban growth impact on the environment, however, nowadays it is observed
that the accelerated and the disordered growth are two of the main factors that
connected to populational growth and climate changes cause socioenvironmental
risk factors that contribute to the construction of natural disasters.
The idea that natural disasters are triggered by natural disasters, but can also
be considered as products of processes that involve social, economic and political
factors is discussed by Cannon (2008), under the vision that this construction could
be, somehow, innocent, in other words, unintentional by the society. So, intentionally
or not, we can consider that all the disasters are socially built.
Thus, once we understand that natural disasters are socially built, and that its
construction depends on the balance of many factors, betwen them social and environmental issues combined, it becomes deeply important to comprehend the current
context of scientific researches related to the subject, trying to recognize the theme
where this subject takes place and what are the main topics discussed on the material found, through a systematic review of the literature, in order to identify, very
modestly, the state-of-the-art in the scene of the world’s scientific researches.
The obtained results are going to demonstrate the current panorama of scientific
researches related to the approached theme, considering different types of natural
disasters in a worldwide geographic cut.
2 Theoretical Framework
The increasing urbanization in the cities has on it countless positive and negative
effects, from the raising of new economic functions, service offers and urban sites
consolidation, to the occupation of underdeveloped areas that are incompatible to
human life´s conservation, situated downtown or in the borders of the city´s territorial
occupation.
In order to understand this urbanization process it is necessary to mention Castells
(1983) and both of the philosophical meanings found in the urbanization term
analyzed by him: (1) spacial concentration of a population, within certain size and
density limits, and (2) system of values, atitudes and behavior dissemination called
“urban culture”. According to the same author, urbanization is related to industrialization, by virtue of the cities holding workforce and also with the market offers
attracting industries, that in turn develop employment and new service possibilities,
at the same time the other way around is also important: where there are functional
elements, especially raw material and means of transportation, the industry colonizes
and causes urbanization (Castells 1983).
According to this vision, where urbanization is related to economic development,
we can better understand the urbanization increase in the cities along with the urban
problems rise due to the occupation of land. Being one of great urban problems in
L. M. Floriani and E. N. de Moura
(Brasil 2001), which purpose is to introduce urban development politics to arrange
full development of the city social duties.
As in the Statute, other public politics have been created with the purpose of
reducing urban growth impact on the environment, however, nowadays it is observed
that the accelerated and the disordered growth are two of the main factors that
connected to populational growth and climate changes cause socioenvironmental
risk factors that contribute to the construction of natural disasters.
The idea that natural disasters are triggered by natural disasters, but can also
be considered as products of processes that involve social, economic and political
factors is discussed by Cannon (2008), under the vision that this construction could
be, somehow, innocent, in other words, unintentional by the society. So, intentionally
or not, we can consider that all the disasters are socially built.
Thus, once we understand that natural disasters are socially built, and that its
construction depends on the balance of many factors, betwen them social and environmental issues combined, it becomes deeply important to comprehend the current
context of scientific researches related to the subject, trying to recognize the theme
where this subject takes place and what are the main topics discussed on the material found, through a systematic review of the literature, in order to identify, very
modestly, the state-of-the-art in the scene of the world’s scientific researches.
The obtained results are going to demonstrate the current panorama of scientific
researches related to the approached theme, considering different types of natural
disasters in a worldwide geographic cut.
2 Theoretical Framework
The increasing urbanization in the cities has on it countless positive and negative
effects, from the raising of new economic functions, service offers and urban sites
consolidation, to the occupation of underdeveloped areas that are incompatible to
human life´s conservation, situated downtown or in the borders of the city´s territorial
occupation.
In order to understand this urbanization process it is necessary to mention Castells
(1983) and both of the philosophical meanings found in the urbanization term
analyzed by him: (1) spacial concentration of a population, within certain size and
density limits, and (2) system of values, atitudes and behavior dissemination called
“urban culture”. According to the same author, urbanization is related to industrialization, by virtue of the cities holding workforce and also with the market offers
attracting industries, that in turn develop employment and new service possibilities,
at the same time the other way around is also important: where there are functional
elements, especially raw material and means of transportation, the industry colonizes
and causes urbanization (Castells 1983).
According to this vision, where urbanization is related to economic development,
we can better understand the urbanization increase in the cities along with the urban
problems rise due to the occupation of land. Being one of great urban problems in