4
K. A. Nakayama and M. S. Machado
set of crisis and reduction of the resilience capacity. They intensify impacts, creating
a poverty and tragedy cycles.
About this situation, it is possible to understand that natural disasters management
do not involve only the catastrophic consequences of the event, but also, the social and
environmental aspects of cities and communities suffering these impacts. Considering these features, natural disasters management in the Brazil should include the
spatial formation dynamics: as urban planning guidelines of land use and occupation.
In Brazil, the duty of prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recuperation targeted to avoid disasters is legally recognized as the role of Regional Development Ministry, specifically, the Secretary of Civil Defense and Protection (Brasil
2012). Local Civil Defense Coordination has a main role in the risk and disaster
management, which currently is mainly an urban question. At the same time, local
urban planning departments are responsible for land use regulation. The integrated
action of both can produce opportunities for better solutions to several urban issues.
The enhancement and development of the Civil Defense institutional framework
in the country, in the last 10 years, produced positive transformations on their guidelines. Is it possible to observe that, despite the fact the Civil Defense has started as
an institution characterized mainly by the assimilation of risk and emergency regulations, it can be also a body which could influence the urban management in the
country.
Inside this context, this article discusses the urban management scenario in the
Brazilian municipalities facing their adversities, its contexts and the concepts related
to natural disasters. The research has the aim to understand and identify the appropriation processes of ideas of the Civil Defense guidelines by the local urban administrations—focusing on the urban planning issues, legislation and land use regulation.
The analysis and research results are in the municipal scale. The case study is in the
Curitiba Metropolitan Region (CMR), in 10 selected cities. The next parts of this
work address the case study theoretical foundation.
2 National Protection and Civil Defense Policy Relevance
to Urban Planning in Natural Disasters Prevention
The interactions and dynamics between the Protection and Civil Defense National
Policies guidelines and the urban development policies are fundamental to the definition of new paradigms for natural disasters. The introduction of an enhanced concept
of prevention in the NPCDP (National Protection and Civil Defense Policy) requires
an articulated action from society, public administration and NGO’s. The aim should
be implement processes that change an historical pattern which mainly focused on
post disaster actions. Law number 12.608/2012 (Brasil 2012) states:
Article 3rd. The NPCDP is composed of prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and
recovery actions connected to protection and civil defense: The NPCDP should be integrated
to spatial planning policies, urban development, health, environment, climate change, water
resources management, geology, infrastructure, education, science and technology and other
K. A. Nakayama and M. S. Machado
set of crisis and reduction of the resilience capacity. They intensify impacts, creating
a poverty and tragedy cycles.
About this situation, it is possible to understand that natural disasters management
do not involve only the catastrophic consequences of the event, but also, the social and
environmental aspects of cities and communities suffering these impacts. Considering these features, natural disasters management in the Brazil should include the
spatial formation dynamics: as urban planning guidelines of land use and occupation.
In Brazil, the duty of prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recuperation targeted to avoid disasters is legally recognized as the role of Regional Development Ministry, specifically, the Secretary of Civil Defense and Protection (Brasil
2012). Local Civil Defense Coordination has a main role in the risk and disaster
management, which currently is mainly an urban question. At the same time, local
urban planning departments are responsible for land use regulation. The integrated
action of both can produce opportunities for better solutions to several urban issues.
The enhancement and development of the Civil Defense institutional framework
in the country, in the last 10 years, produced positive transformations on their guidelines. Is it possible to observe that, despite the fact the Civil Defense has started as
an institution characterized mainly by the assimilation of risk and emergency regulations, it can be also a body which could influence the urban management in the
country.
Inside this context, this article discusses the urban management scenario in the
Brazilian municipalities facing their adversities, its contexts and the concepts related
to natural disasters. The research has the aim to understand and identify the appropriation processes of ideas of the Civil Defense guidelines by the local urban administrations—focusing on the urban planning issues, legislation and land use regulation.
The analysis and research results are in the municipal scale. The case study is in the
Curitiba Metropolitan Region (CMR), in 10 selected cities. The next parts of this
work address the case study theoretical foundation.
2 National Protection and Civil Defense Policy Relevance
to Urban Planning in Natural Disasters Prevention
The interactions and dynamics between the Protection and Civil Defense National
Policies guidelines and the urban development policies are fundamental to the definition of new paradigms for natural disasters. The introduction of an enhanced concept
of prevention in the NPCDP (National Protection and Civil Defense Policy) requires
an articulated action from society, public administration and NGO’s. The aim should
be implement processes that change an historical pattern which mainly focused on
post disaster actions. Law number 12.608/2012 (Brasil 2012) states:
Article 3rd. The NPCDP is composed of prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and
recovery actions connected to protection and civil defense: The NPCDP should be integrated
to spatial planning policies, urban development, health, environment, climate change, water
resources management, geology, infrastructure, education, science and technology and other