328
Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems
Toftgard, J., S. N. Hornsleth, and J. B. Andersen. 1993. Effects on portable antennas of the
presence of a person. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 41:739–46.
Togashi, T., T. Nagaoka, S. Kikuchi, K. Saito, S. Watanabe, M. Takahashi, and K. Ito. 2008.
FDTD calculations of specific absorption rate in fetus caused by electromagnetic
waves from mobile radio terminal using pregnant woman model. IEEE Trans
Microw Theory Tech 56:554–9.
Troulis, S. E., W. G. Scanlon, and N. E. Evans. 2003. Effect of a hands-free wire on specific
absorption rate for a waist-mounted 1.8 GHz cellular telephone handset. Phys Med
Biol 48:1675–84.
Uusitupa, T., I. Laakso, S. Ilvonen, and K. Nikoskinen. 2010. SAR variation study from
300 to 5000 MHz for 15 voxel models including different postures. Phys Med Biol
55:1157.
Virtanen, H., J. Keshvari, and R. Lappalainen. 2006. Review interaction of radio frequency electromagnetic fields and passive metallic implants: A brief review.
Bioelectromagnetics 27:431–9.
Virtanen, H., J. Keshvari, and R. Lappalainen. 2007. The effect of authentic metallic
implants on the SAR distribution of the head exposed to 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz
dipole near field. Phys Med Biol 52:1221–36.
Vulevic, B., and P. Osmokrovic. 2010. Evaluation of uncertainty in the measurement of
environmental electromagnetic fields. Radiat Protein Dosim 141:173–7.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 1999. FDTD computation of temperature rise in the human
head for portable telephones. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 47:1528–34.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 2003. Comparison and evaluation of electromagnetic absorption characteristics in realistic children for 900 MHz mobile telephones. IEEE Trans
Microw Theory Tech 51:966–71.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 2005. EM interaction between a 5 GHz band antenna mounted
PC and a realistic human body model. IEICE Trans Commun E88-B:2604–8.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, S. Kodera, and S. Watanabe. 2006. FDTD calculation of whole-body
average SAR in adult and child models for frequencies from 30 MHz to 3 GHz. Phys
Med Biol 51:4119–27.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, and S. Watanabe. 2006. Approximation of aging effect on dielectric
tissue properties for SAR assessment of mobile telephones. IEEE Trans Electromagn
Compat 48:408–13.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, S. Watanabe, and Y. Yamanaka. 2004. Computation with a parallel FDTD system of human-body effect on electromagnetic absorption for portable
telephones. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 52:53–8.
Watanabe, S., M. Taki, T. Nojima, and O. Fujiwara. 1996. Characteristics of the SAR
distributions in a head exposed to electromagnetic fields radiated by a hand-held
portable radio. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 44:1874–83.
Weiland, T. 1977. A discretization method for the solution of Maxwell’s equations for
six-component fields. Electron Commun 31:116–20.
Weiland, T. 1990. Maxwell’s grid equations. Frequenz 44:9–16.
Wells, W. M., W. E. L. Grimson, R. Kikinis, and F. A. Jolesz. 1996. Adaptive segmentation
of MRI data. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 15:429–42.
Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems
Toftgard, J., S. N. Hornsleth, and J. B. Andersen. 1993. Effects on portable antennas of the
presence of a person. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 41:739–46.
Togashi, T., T. Nagaoka, S. Kikuchi, K. Saito, S. Watanabe, M. Takahashi, and K. Ito. 2008.
FDTD calculations of specific absorption rate in fetus caused by electromagnetic
waves from mobile radio terminal using pregnant woman model. IEEE Trans
Microw Theory Tech 56:554–9.
Troulis, S. E., W. G. Scanlon, and N. E. Evans. 2003. Effect of a hands-free wire on specific
absorption rate for a waist-mounted 1.8 GHz cellular telephone handset. Phys Med
Biol 48:1675–84.
Uusitupa, T., I. Laakso, S. Ilvonen, and K. Nikoskinen. 2010. SAR variation study from
300 to 5000 MHz for 15 voxel models including different postures. Phys Med Biol
55:1157.
Virtanen, H., J. Keshvari, and R. Lappalainen. 2006. Review interaction of radio frequency electromagnetic fields and passive metallic implants: A brief review.
Bioelectromagnetics 27:431–9.
Virtanen, H., J. Keshvari, and R. Lappalainen. 2007. The effect of authentic metallic
implants on the SAR distribution of the head exposed to 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz
dipole near field. Phys Med Biol 52:1221–36.
Vulevic, B., and P. Osmokrovic. 2010. Evaluation of uncertainty in the measurement of
environmental electromagnetic fields. Radiat Protein Dosim 141:173–7.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 1999. FDTD computation of temperature rise in the human
head for portable telephones. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 47:1528–34.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 2003. Comparison and evaluation of electromagnetic absorption characteristics in realistic children for 900 MHz mobile telephones. IEEE Trans
Microw Theory Tech 51:966–71.
Wang, J., and O. Fujiwara. 2005. EM interaction between a 5 GHz band antenna mounted
PC and a realistic human body model. IEICE Trans Commun E88-B:2604–8.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, S. Kodera, and S. Watanabe. 2006. FDTD calculation of whole-body
average SAR in adult and child models for frequencies from 30 MHz to 3 GHz. Phys
Med Biol 51:4119–27.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, and S. Watanabe. 2006. Approximation of aging effect on dielectric
tissue properties for SAR assessment of mobile telephones. IEEE Trans Electromagn
Compat 48:408–13.
Wang, J., O. Fujiwara, S. Watanabe, and Y. Yamanaka. 2004. Computation with a parallel FDTD system of human-body effect on electromagnetic absorption for portable
telephones. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 52:53–8.
Watanabe, S., M. Taki, T. Nojima, and O. Fujiwara. 1996. Characteristics of the SAR
distributions in a head exposed to electromagnetic fields radiated by a hand-held
portable radio. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 44:1874–83.
Weiland, T. 1977. A discretization method for the solution of Maxwell’s equations for
six-component fields. Electron Commun 31:116–20.
Weiland, T. 1990. Maxwell’s grid equations. Frequenz 44:9–16.
Wells, W. M., W. E. L. Grimson, R. Kikinis, and F. A. Jolesz. 1996. Adaptive segmentation
of MRI data. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 15:429–42.