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R. Cie´ sli´ nski
Fig. 3.2 Sustainable development and the link between economics, society, and the environment
[12, changed]
bans and restrictions. In fact, most of these areas are governed by standard economic
processes, with limitations only on some forms of economic activity—forms that are
deemed to be highly harmful to the given area protected by law. Article 36 of the
Environmental Protection Resolution dated April 16, 2004 (with changes) states the
following: “Nature 2000 areas do not restrict activity associated with the maintenance
of flood control facilities and equipment as well as economic activity in the form of
agriculture, forestry, hunting, and commercial and amateur fishing unless it yields a
significant negative impact on stated protection goals associated with Nature 2000
areas.” It is important to note that some actions planned for Nature 2000 areas need
to be approved based on environmental impact assessments. Examples of actions
include drainage works and relevant maintenance of drainage ditches, construction
of water impoundment structures, afforestation, construction of bed and breakfast
inns and agritourism facilities, farm expansion or remodeling, and tree and bush
removal. Economic activity in Nature 2000 areas part of national parks and nature
reserves is permitted to the extent permitted by legal restrictions placed upon these
areas. In cases where some forms of economic activity need to be limited to some
extent in protected areas, it is possible to receive compensation for the related loss
of income.
Poland is home to 23 national parks. Other forms of legal protection of the environment include nature reserves, landscape parks, landscape protection areas, and
also natural landscape zones.
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