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R. Graf and K. Pyszny
concept promotes the coordinated development and management of waters, space and
other resources in order to increase social and economic advantages in an equiponderant way, without it being necessary to disturb the equilibrium of ecosystems
[33].
Pursuant to the assumptions of the Water Framework Directive [14], water
resources development takes into consideration the so-called principle of “catchment area management” (Integrated River Basin Management IRBM), which means
that it is implemented in areas with hydrographic borders (river catchment areas)
and a fixed procedure for their protection (Fig. 18.4). The integration of the water
development policy and the improvement of the planning system in water governance, together with the designation of priorities of planning actions, will ensure the
division of a state into drainage basins, water regions and catchment areas.
3 This
spatial approach should integrate spatial management and water management, and
also formulate—among others—criteria governing access to water resources in the
metropolitan area. The hydrological balances of specific catchment areas constitute
a fundamental element of the plan for the development of waters in the catchment
area [14]. They also form the basis for conducting discussions into the best solution,
e.g. of a local water deficit problem, while respecting the principle of sustainable
utilisation and non-impairment of the state of waters [25].
What is preferred in the metropolitan area is water management in the form of
participative management (Fig. 18.4), which means the coordination of actions at the
multisectoral level (multilevel governance). The competent authorities are involved in
elaborating competences for multilevel cooperation: between self-governments and
between sectors, as a tool of metropolitan development. Water resources management is also founded on base functions: planning, organising, administering and
control, and thus possesses the features of an iterative process. The iterative management process, alternatively termed development management, includes the following:
identification of the state, determination of a schedule and plan of action, implementation and monitoring, followed by a review of execution, assessment and a new
planning cycle. The most effective model of integrated water resources management
functions on the basis of the selection and adaptation of actions to specific situations
and to the nature of the water management system.
Water development in the metropolitan area cannot be the subject solely of sectoral
planning, for it requires integration with planning and spatial management, and also
with urban planning and architecture, this due to the significant impact of the method
of land development on the possibility of water resources management in the catchment area [28]. At the level of planning and design, a significant role is played
by the discussion on the utilisation of the potential of water management as regards
provisioning and regulating the state and environmental functions [42]. An important
problem which concerns the integration of water management in the metropolitan
area is the lack of coordination of strategic documents connected with water development at the national and regional levels with local spatial planning documents. The
3 By the Order of the Council of Ministers of 27 June 2006 on the course of the boundaries of
drainage basins and water regions; Journal of Laws No. 126, Item 878.
R. Graf and K. Pyszny
concept promotes the coordinated development and management of waters, space and
other resources in order to increase social and economic advantages in an equiponderant way, without it being necessary to disturb the equilibrium of ecosystems
[33].
Pursuant to the assumptions of the Water Framework Directive [14], water
resources development takes into consideration the so-called principle of “catchment area management” (Integrated River Basin Management IRBM), which means
that it is implemented in areas with hydrographic borders (river catchment areas)
and a fixed procedure for their protection (Fig. 18.4). The integration of the water
development policy and the improvement of the planning system in water governance, together with the designation of priorities of planning actions, will ensure the
division of a state into drainage basins, water regions and catchment areas.
3 This
spatial approach should integrate spatial management and water management, and
also formulate—among others—criteria governing access to water resources in the
metropolitan area. The hydrological balances of specific catchment areas constitute
a fundamental element of the plan for the development of waters in the catchment
area [14]. They also form the basis for conducting discussions into the best solution,
e.g. of a local water deficit problem, while respecting the principle of sustainable
utilisation and non-impairment of the state of waters [25].
What is preferred in the metropolitan area is water management in the form of
participative management (Fig. 18.4), which means the coordination of actions at the
multisectoral level (multilevel governance). The competent authorities are involved in
elaborating competences for multilevel cooperation: between self-governments and
between sectors, as a tool of metropolitan development. Water resources management is also founded on base functions: planning, organising, administering and
control, and thus possesses the features of an iterative process. The iterative management process, alternatively termed development management, includes the following:
identification of the state, determination of a schedule and plan of action, implementation and monitoring, followed by a review of execution, assessment and a new
planning cycle. The most effective model of integrated water resources management
functions on the basis of the selection and adaptation of actions to specific situations
and to the nature of the water management system.
Water development in the metropolitan area cannot be the subject solely of sectoral
planning, for it requires integration with planning and spatial management, and also
with urban planning and architecture, this due to the significant impact of the method
of land development on the possibility of water resources management in the catchment area [28]. At the level of planning and design, a significant role is played
by the discussion on the utilisation of the potential of water management as regards
provisioning and regulating the state and environmental functions [42]. An important
problem which concerns the integration of water management in the metropolitan
area is the lack of coordination of strategic documents connected with water development at the national and regional levels with local spatial planning documents. The
3 By the Order of the Council of Ministers of 27 June 2006 on the course of the boundaries of
drainage basins and water regions; Journal of Laws No. 126, Item 878.