2 Assessment of Water Resources in Poland
31
This is possible through appropriate retention of rainwater within the catchment,
which is supported by the favourable layout of the hydrographic network and by
building small retention reservoirs. Small retention projects have already been implemented, but there is a need for further investments in this area, not only in forest areas
but also in agricultural and, above all, urban areas.
On the other hand, there is the issue of the economical management of water
and the reuse of previously used water. Although grey-water recovery technology
is not new, water-recycling installations for residential buildings are not cheap in
Poland. This situation is expected to change with the introduction of the new Water
Law. In the light of new regulations that have been in force since January 1, 2018,
significant fees have been imposed on industrial and commercial recipients for water
intake and sewage disposal. At the same time, additional fees were introduced for
draining rainwater from hard surfaces around buildings. The introduced changes may
induce potential water consumers to use water more economically and to use new
technological solutions for the proper management of rainwater and the recovery of
used water. Monitoring the amount of water used and wastewater collected will be
helpful in this respect. It is hoped that the proposed activities will contribute to the
protection of existing water resources and their rational use in the near future.
2.8 Recommendations
The chapter is addressed to water users, water managers and decision makers. Small
water resources in Poland and their high variability in time require economical use
of water and good management of water resources. The improvement of the situation
may be caused by the construction of small retention reservoirs in areas with limited
resources, but also by economical water management and reuse of previously used
water. The introduced changes may encourage potential water consumers to use water
more economically and to apply new technological solutions for proper rainwater
management and recovery of used water.
References
1. Główny Urz˛ ad Statystyczny (GUS). Central Statistical Office. http://stat.gov.pl/
2. Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute in Warszawa.
https://www.imgw.pl/
3. International Glossary of Hydrology. World Meteorological Organization (2012)
4. Kundzewicz ZW, Matczak P (2012) Climate change regional review: Poland. Wiley Interdisc
Rev Clim Change 3(4):297–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.175
5. Michalczyk Z (2004) Rola obszarów wiejskich w tworzeniu i wykorzystaniu zasobów wodnych
w Polsce. Woda-´ srodowisko-obszary wiejskie 4(2a) (11):13–24
6. Gutry-Korycka M, Sadurski A, Kundzewicz ZW, Pociask-Karteczka J, Skrzypczyk L (2014)
Zasoby wodne a ich wykorzystanie. Nauka 1/2014:77–98. http://www.pan.poznan.pl/nauki/
N_114_07_Gutry.pdf
31
This is possible through appropriate retention of rainwater within the catchment,
which is supported by the favourable layout of the hydrographic network and by
building small retention reservoirs. Small retention projects have already been implemented, but there is a need for further investments in this area, not only in forest areas
but also in agricultural and, above all, urban areas.
On the other hand, there is the issue of the economical management of water
and the reuse of previously used water. Although grey-water recovery technology
is not new, water-recycling installations for residential buildings are not cheap in
Poland. This situation is expected to change with the introduction of the new Water
Law. In the light of new regulations that have been in force since January 1, 2018,
significant fees have been imposed on industrial and commercial recipients for water
intake and sewage disposal. At the same time, additional fees were introduced for
draining rainwater from hard surfaces around buildings. The introduced changes may
induce potential water consumers to use water more economically and to use new
technological solutions for the proper management of rainwater and the recovery of
used water. Monitoring the amount of water used and wastewater collected will be
helpful in this respect. It is hoped that the proposed activities will contribute to the
protection of existing water resources and their rational use in the near future.
2.8 Recommendations
The chapter is addressed to water users, water managers and decision makers. Small
water resources in Poland and their high variability in time require economical use
of water and good management of water resources. The improvement of the situation
may be caused by the construction of small retention reservoirs in areas with limited
resources, but also by economical water management and reuse of previously used
water. The introduced changes may encourage potential water consumers to use water
more economically and to apply new technological solutions for proper rainwater
management and recovery of used water.
References
1. Główny Urz˛ ad Statystyczny (GUS). Central Statistical Office. http://stat.gov.pl/
2. Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute in Warszawa.
https://www.imgw.pl/
3. International Glossary of Hydrology. World Meteorological Organization (2012)
4. Kundzewicz ZW, Matczak P (2012) Climate change regional review: Poland. Wiley Interdisc
Rev Clim Change 3(4):297–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.175
5. Michalczyk Z (2004) Rola obszarów wiejskich w tworzeniu i wykorzystaniu zasobów wodnych
w Polsce. Woda-´ srodowisko-obszary wiejskie 4(2a) (11):13–24
6. Gutry-Korycka M, Sadurski A, Kundzewicz ZW, Pociask-Karteczka J, Skrzypczyk L (2014)
Zasoby wodne a ich wykorzystanie. Nauka 1/2014:77–98. http://www.pan.poznan.pl/nauki/
N_114_07_Gutry.pdf