366
M. Kejna et al.
15.7 Closing Remarks
The functioning of the representative catchment of the Struga Toru´ nska is determined by its location within early glacial landforms with a diverse geology. The
prevalence of morainic clay in surface deposits hinders infiltration, and the area is
therefore largely drained, which accelerates water runoff in the spring and contributes
to droughts in the growing season.
In the analysed period, the runoff of the Struga Toru´ nska varied considerably due
to weather conditions. The water chemistry, however, was subject to strong anthropopressure connected with agricultural activities. The meteorological conditions in
1994–2017 were very changeable. The mean annual air temperature for 1994–2017
was 8.6 °C and its mean annual values ranged from 6.1 °C in 1996 to 10.0 °C in
2007. Extreme values of air temperature at Koniczynka varied between—28.3 °C
in January 2006 and 36.9 °C in July 1994. No statistically significant (p = 0.056)
temperature increase of 0.48 °C/10 years was observed. The trend was ascertained in
nearby Toru´ n, where in 1947–2017 the temperature statistically increased by 1.6 °C
(0.25 °C/10 years)–Fig. 15.14.
y = 0.0246x + 7.226
R² = 0.2768
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016
Air temperature
Toruń
Koniczynka
Linear (Toruń)
o C
y = 1.2325x + 486.79
R² = 0.0443
0
200
400
600
800
1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016
Precipitation
Toruń
Koniczynka
Linear (Toruń)
mm
Fig. 15.14 The courses of air temperature and precipitation in Toru´ n (1947–2017) and Koniczynka
(1994–2017)
M. Kejna et al.
15.7 Closing Remarks
The functioning of the representative catchment of the Struga Toru´ nska is determined by its location within early glacial landforms with a diverse geology. The
prevalence of morainic clay in surface deposits hinders infiltration, and the area is
therefore largely drained, which accelerates water runoff in the spring and contributes
to droughts in the growing season.
In the analysed period, the runoff of the Struga Toru´ nska varied considerably due
to weather conditions. The water chemistry, however, was subject to strong anthropopressure connected with agricultural activities. The meteorological conditions in
1994–2017 were very changeable. The mean annual air temperature for 1994–2017
was 8.6 °C and its mean annual values ranged from 6.1 °C in 1996 to 10.0 °C in
2007. Extreme values of air temperature at Koniczynka varied between—28.3 °C
in January 2006 and 36.9 °C in July 1994. No statistically significant (p = 0.056)
temperature increase of 0.48 °C/10 years was observed. The trend was ascertained in
nearby Toru´ n, where in 1947–2017 the temperature statistically increased by 1.6 °C
(0.25 °C/10 years)–Fig. 15.14.
y = 0.0246x + 7.226
R² = 0.2768
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016
Air temperature
Toruń
Koniczynka
Linear (Toruń)
o C
y = 1.2325x + 486.79
R² = 0.0443
0
200
400
600
800
1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016
Precipitation
Toruń
Koniczynka
Linear (Toruń)
mm
Fig. 15.14 The courses of air temperature and precipitation in Toru´ n (1947–2017) and Koniczynka
(1994–2017)