Pluri-annual Water Budget on the Seine
Basin: Past, Current and Future Trends
Nicolas Flipo, Nicolas Gallois, Baptiste Labarthe, Fulvia Baratelli,
Pascal Viennot, Jonathan Schuite, Agnès Rivière, Rémy Bonnet,
and Julien Boé
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2 Historical Records of the Seine River Discharge in Paris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3 Development of the Seine Basin Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.1 CaWaQS Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.2 Implementation of the Seine Basin Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4 Current State of the Seine Hydrosystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.1 General Two-Step Calibration Strategy of Hydrosystem Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.2 Average Water Budget 1993–2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5 A Two-Century-Long Trajectory of the Seine Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
5.1 Estimating Land Cover Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
5.2 Estimating Anthropogenic Water Uptake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
5.3 Climate Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
5.4 Water Resources Trajectory from the 1900s to the 2100s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Abstract The trajectory of the Seine basin water resources is rebuilt from the early
1900s to the 2000s before being projected to the end of the twenty-first century. In
the first part, the long-term hydrological data of the Paris gauging stations are
analysed beginning in 1885, highlighting the effect of anthropogenic water management on the Seine River discharge. Then a detailed water budget of the Seine basin is
proposed. It quantifies for the first time the water exchanges between aquifer units
and the effect of water withdrawals on river–aquifer exchanges. Using this model,
The copyright year of the original version of this chapter was corrected from 2019 to 2020.
A correction to this chapter can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_667
N. Flipo (*), N. Gallois, B. Labarthe, F. Baratelli, P. Viennot, J. Schuite, and A. Rivière
Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL University, Fontainebleau, France
e-mail: Nicolas.Flipo@mines-paristech.fr
R. Bonnet and J. Boé
CECI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CERFACS, Toulouse, France
Nicolas Flipo, Pierre Labadie, and Laurence Lestel (eds.), The Seine River Basin,
Hdb Env Chem (2021) 90: 59–90, https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_392,
© The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2020, Published online: 3 June 2020
59
Basin: Past, Current and Future Trends
Nicolas Flipo, Nicolas Gallois, Baptiste Labarthe, Fulvia Baratelli,
Pascal Viennot, Jonathan Schuite, Agnès Rivière, Rémy Bonnet,
and Julien Boé
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2 Historical Records of the Seine River Discharge in Paris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3 Development of the Seine Basin Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.1 CaWaQS Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.2 Implementation of the Seine Basin Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4 Current State of the Seine Hydrosystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.1 General Two-Step Calibration Strategy of Hydrosystem Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.2 Average Water Budget 1993–2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5 A Two-Century-Long Trajectory of the Seine Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
5.1 Estimating Land Cover Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
5.2 Estimating Anthropogenic Water Uptake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
5.3 Climate Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
5.4 Water Resources Trajectory from the 1900s to the 2100s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Abstract The trajectory of the Seine basin water resources is rebuilt from the early
1900s to the 2000s before being projected to the end of the twenty-first century. In
the first part, the long-term hydrological data of the Paris gauging stations are
analysed beginning in 1885, highlighting the effect of anthropogenic water management on the Seine River discharge. Then a detailed water budget of the Seine basin is
proposed. It quantifies for the first time the water exchanges between aquifer units
and the effect of water withdrawals on river–aquifer exchanges. Using this model,
The copyright year of the original version of this chapter was corrected from 2019 to 2020.
A correction to this chapter can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_667
N. Flipo (*), N. Gallois, B. Labarthe, F. Baratelli, P. Viennot, J. Schuite, and A. Rivière
Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL University, Fontainebleau, France
e-mail: Nicolas.Flipo@mines-paristech.fr
R. Bonnet and J. Boé
CECI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CERFACS, Toulouse, France
Nicolas Flipo, Pierre Labadie, and Laurence Lestel (eds.), The Seine River Basin,
Hdb Env Chem (2021) 90: 59–90, https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_392,
© The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2020, Published online: 3 June 2020
59