The Seine Watershed Water-Agro-Food
System: Long-Term Trajectories of C, N
and P Metabolism
Gilles Billen, Josette Garnier, Julia Le Noë, Pascal Viennot, Nicolas Gallois,
Thomas Puech, Celine Schott, Juliette Anglade, Bruno Mary,
Nicolas Beaudoin, Joël Léonard, Catherine Mignolet, Sylvain Théry,
Vincent Thieu, Marie Silvestre, and Paul Passy
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2 Material and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
3 Trajectory and Biogeochemical Functioning of the Agricultural System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
3.1 Long-Term Changes in the Structure of the Northern France Agricultural System .
95
3.2 Changes in Land Use and Crop Rotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
3.3 Yield-Fertilisation Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4 Soil Biogeochemistry Reflects This Trajectory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.1 Soil Organic Carbon Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.2 Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 100
4.3 Nitrogen Soil Storage and Leaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.4 Phosphorus Dynamics and Erosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
The copyright year of the original version of this chapter was corrected from 2019 to 2020.
A correction to this chapter can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_667
G. Billen (*), J. Garnier, and V. Thieu
UMR 7619 Metis, Sorbonne-Université CNRS EPHE, Paris, France
e-mail: gilles.billen@sorbonne-universite.fr
J. Le Noë
Institut für Soziale Ökologie, BOKU Universität, Vienna, Austria
P. Viennot and N. Gallois
Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL University, Fontainebleau, France
T. Puech, C. Schott, J. Anglade, and C. Mignolet
ASTER, INRA, Centre Grand Est, Nancy, France
B. Mary, N. Beaudoin, and J. Léonard
AgroImpact, INRA, Laon, France
S. Théry, M. Silvestre, and P. Passy
CNRS SU FR 3020 FIRE, Paris, France
Nicolas Flipo, Pierre Labadie, and Laurence Lestel (eds.), The Seine River Basin,
Hdb Env Chem (2021) 90: 91–116, https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_393,
© The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2020, Published online: 3 June 2020
91
System: Long-Term Trajectories of C, N
and P Metabolism
Gilles Billen, Josette Garnier, Julia Le Noë, Pascal Viennot, Nicolas Gallois,
Thomas Puech, Celine Schott, Juliette Anglade, Bruno Mary,
Nicolas Beaudoin, Joël Léonard, Catherine Mignolet, Sylvain Théry,
Vincent Thieu, Marie Silvestre, and Paul Passy
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2 Material and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
3 Trajectory and Biogeochemical Functioning of the Agricultural System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
3.1 Long-Term Changes in the Structure of the Northern France Agricultural System .
95
3.2 Changes in Land Use and Crop Rotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
3.3 Yield-Fertilisation Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4 Soil Biogeochemistry Reflects This Trajectory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.1 Soil Organic Carbon Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.2 Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 100
4.3 Nitrogen Soil Storage and Leaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.4 Phosphorus Dynamics and Erosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
The copyright year of the original version of this chapter was corrected from 2019 to 2020.
A correction to this chapter can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_667
G. Billen (*), J. Garnier, and V. Thieu
UMR 7619 Metis, Sorbonne-Université CNRS EPHE, Paris, France
e-mail: gilles.billen@sorbonne-universite.fr
J. Le Noë
Institut für Soziale Ökologie, BOKU Universität, Vienna, Austria
P. Viennot and N. Gallois
Geosciences Department, MINES ParisTech, PSL University, Fontainebleau, France
T. Puech, C. Schott, J. Anglade, and C. Mignolet
ASTER, INRA, Centre Grand Est, Nancy, France
B. Mary, N. Beaudoin, and J. Léonard
AgroImpact, INRA, Laon, France
S. Théry, M. Silvestre, and P. Passy
CNRS SU FR 3020 FIRE, Paris, France
Nicolas Flipo, Pierre Labadie, and Laurence Lestel (eds.), The Seine River Basin,
Hdb Env Chem (2021) 90: 91–116, https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_393,
© The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2020, Published online: 3 June 2020
91