409
Table 16.1 The dye categories based on their chemical structure
Dye type
Chromophore
Example
Chemical structure
Azo
Direct brown 78
Triphenylmethane
Malachite green
Nitro
Naphthol yellow (II)
Phthalein
o-Cresolphthalein
(continued)
16 Hybrid Adsorbents for Dye Removal from Wastewater