371
Incharoensakdi A, Kitjaharn P (2002) Zinc biosorption from aqueous solution by a halotolerant
cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica. Curr Microbiol 45:261–264. https://link.springer.
com/article/10.1007/s00284-002-3747-0
Inglezakis VJ, Grigoropoulou HP (2003) Modeling of ion exchange of Pb
+2 in fixed beds
of clinoptilolite. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 61:273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S1387-1811(03)00374-3
Inglezakis VJ, Stylianou MA, Gkantzou D, Loizidou MD (2007) Removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by using clinoptilolite and bentonite as adsorbents. Desalination 210:248–256.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.05.049
Johns MM, Marshall WE, Toles CA (1998) Agricultural byproducts as granular activated carbons
for adsorbing dissolved metals and organics. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 71:131–140. https://
doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199802)71:2<131::AID-JCTB821>3.0.CO;2-K
Junior OK, Gurgel LVA, de Melo JCP, Botaro VR, Melo TMS, de Freitas GRP, Gil LF (2006)
Adsorption of heavy metal ion from aqueous single metal solution by chemically modified sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour Technol 98:1291–1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biortech.2006.05.013
Kabbashi NA, Atieh MA, Al-Mamun A, Mirghami MES, Alam MDZ, Yahya N (2009) Kinetic
adsorption of application of carbon nanotubes for Pb (II) removal from aqueous solution. J
Environ Sci 21:539–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62305-0
Kabdasli I, Arslan T, Olmez-Hanci T, Arslan-Alaton I, Tunay O (2009) Complexing agent and
heavy metal removals from metal plating effluent by electrocoagulation with stainless steel
electrodes. J Hazard Mater 165:838–845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.065
Kadirvelu K, Namasivayam C, Thamaraiselve K (2001) Removal of heavy metal from industrial
wastewaters by adsorption on to activated carbon prepared from an agricultural solid waste.
Bioresour Technol 76:63–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00072-9
Kalyani S, Ajitha PJ, Srinivasa RP, Krishnaiah A (2005) Removal of copper and nickel from aqueous solutions using chitosan coated on perlite as biosorbent. Sep Sci Technol 40:1483–1495.
https://doi.org/10.1081/SS-200055940
Kamble SK, Patil MR (2001) Removal of heavy metals from waste water of thermal power station
by water-hyacinths. Indian J Environ Prot 21:623–626. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279553193_Removal_of_heavy_metals_from_wastewater_of_thermal_power_station_
by_water_-_hyacinths
Kang SY, Lee JU, Moon SH, Kim KW (2004) Competitive adsorption characteristics of Co
+2
,
Ni
+2
, and Cr
+3 by IRN-77 cation exchange resin in synthesized wastewater. Chemosphere
56:141–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.02.004
Kang KC, Kim SS, Choi JW, Kwon SH (2008) Sorption of Cu
2+ and Cd
2+ onto acid- and basepretreated granular activated carbon and activated carbon fiber samples. J Ind Eng Chem
14:131–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2007.08.007
Kapoor A, Viraraghavan T (1995) Fungal biosorption – an alternative treatment option for
heavy metal bearing wastewaters: a review. Bioresour Technol 53:195–206. https://doi.
org/10.1016/0960-8524(95)00072-M
Kapoor A, Viraragharan T, Cullimore RD (1999) Removal of heavy metals using the fungus Aspergillus Niger. Bioresour Technol 70(1):95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0960-8524(98)00192-8
Karthikeyan T, Rajgopal S, Miranda LR (2005) Cr (VI) adsorption from aqueous solution by Hevea
brasiliensis saw dust activated carbon. J Hazard Mater 124:192–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhazmat.2005.05.003
Khelifa A, Moulay S, Naceur AW (2005) Treatment of metal finishing effluents by the electroflotation technique. Desalination 181(1):27–33
Kjellstrom T, Shiroishi K, Erwin PE (1977) Urinary β 2 -microglobulin excretion among
people exposed to cadmium in the general environment: an epidemiological study
in cooperation between Japan and Sweden. Environ Res 13:318–344. https://doi.
org/10.1016/0013-9351(77)90107-4
14 Biomass-Based Absorbents for Heavy Metal Removal
Incharoensakdi A, Kitjaharn P (2002) Zinc biosorption from aqueous solution by a halotolerant
cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica. Curr Microbiol 45:261–264. https://link.springer.
com/article/10.1007/s00284-002-3747-0
Inglezakis VJ, Grigoropoulou HP (2003) Modeling of ion exchange of Pb
+2 in fixed beds
of clinoptilolite. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 61:273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S1387-1811(03)00374-3
Inglezakis VJ, Stylianou MA, Gkantzou D, Loizidou MD (2007) Removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by using clinoptilolite and bentonite as adsorbents. Desalination 210:248–256.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.05.049
Johns MM, Marshall WE, Toles CA (1998) Agricultural byproducts as granular activated carbons
for adsorbing dissolved metals and organics. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 71:131–140. https://
doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199802)71:2<131::AID-JCTB821>3.0.CO;2-K
Junior OK, Gurgel LVA, de Melo JCP, Botaro VR, Melo TMS, de Freitas GRP, Gil LF (2006)
Adsorption of heavy metal ion from aqueous single metal solution by chemically modified sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour Technol 98:1291–1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biortech.2006.05.013
Kabbashi NA, Atieh MA, Al-Mamun A, Mirghami MES, Alam MDZ, Yahya N (2009) Kinetic
adsorption of application of carbon nanotubes for Pb (II) removal from aqueous solution. J
Environ Sci 21:539–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62305-0
Kabdasli I, Arslan T, Olmez-Hanci T, Arslan-Alaton I, Tunay O (2009) Complexing agent and
heavy metal removals from metal plating effluent by electrocoagulation with stainless steel
electrodes. J Hazard Mater 165:838–845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.065
Kadirvelu K, Namasivayam C, Thamaraiselve K (2001) Removal of heavy metal from industrial
wastewaters by adsorption on to activated carbon prepared from an agricultural solid waste.
Bioresour Technol 76:63–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00072-9
Kalyani S, Ajitha PJ, Srinivasa RP, Krishnaiah A (2005) Removal of copper and nickel from aqueous solutions using chitosan coated on perlite as biosorbent. Sep Sci Technol 40:1483–1495.
https://doi.org/10.1081/SS-200055940
Kamble SK, Patil MR (2001) Removal of heavy metals from waste water of thermal power station
by water-hyacinths. Indian J Environ Prot 21:623–626. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279553193_Removal_of_heavy_metals_from_wastewater_of_thermal_power_station_
by_water_-_hyacinths
Kang SY, Lee JU, Moon SH, Kim KW (2004) Competitive adsorption characteristics of Co
+2
,
Ni
+2
, and Cr
+3 by IRN-77 cation exchange resin in synthesized wastewater. Chemosphere
56:141–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.02.004
Kang KC, Kim SS, Choi JW, Kwon SH (2008) Sorption of Cu
2+ and Cd
2+ onto acid- and basepretreated granular activated carbon and activated carbon fiber samples. J Ind Eng Chem
14:131–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2007.08.007
Kapoor A, Viraraghavan T (1995) Fungal biosorption – an alternative treatment option for
heavy metal bearing wastewaters: a review. Bioresour Technol 53:195–206. https://doi.
org/10.1016/0960-8524(95)00072-M
Kapoor A, Viraragharan T, Cullimore RD (1999) Removal of heavy metals using the fungus Aspergillus Niger. Bioresour Technol 70(1):95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0960-8524(98)00192-8
Karthikeyan T, Rajgopal S, Miranda LR (2005) Cr (VI) adsorption from aqueous solution by Hevea
brasiliensis saw dust activated carbon. J Hazard Mater 124:192–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhazmat.2005.05.003
Khelifa A, Moulay S, Naceur AW (2005) Treatment of metal finishing effluents by the electroflotation technique. Desalination 181(1):27–33
Kjellstrom T, Shiroishi K, Erwin PE (1977) Urinary β 2 -microglobulin excretion among
people exposed to cadmium in the general environment: an epidemiological study
in cooperation between Japan and Sweden. Environ Res 13:318–344. https://doi.
org/10.1016/0013-9351(77)90107-4
14 Biomass-Based Absorbents for Heavy Metal Removal