12.2 Dam Breach Consequences
173
Table 12.1
(continued)
General element
of the system
Hazard scenario
Vector,
threat-from code
Potential consequences evolution from minor to ultimate
Direct physical
losses
Health and safety
Environmental
Reputational
damages
Outlet structures
(spillways/pond to
pond culverts)
Geotechnical/geological
and hydrological
(capacity, durability)
G1, G4, G5, G6
From very limited
(if caught in time)
to major dam
damages and
finally dam break
(interdependent
failure of dam)
From very limited
to harming
workers (dam
break
consequences
studied in dams)
From very limited
(if caught in time)
to major
environmental
damages and
finally dam break
(interdependent
failure of dam)
Generally limited
unless failure
evolves in dam
break
Operations (service,
emergency access), IT
E1, E2, P1, P3
Water balance
management
G2, G6
Climate (includes
extreme freezing)
G5
Sabotage/vandalism,
cyber
P4, A1, A2, A3