128
fertilisers in recommended quantities for the given zone, at the farms of Vladimir
(soil No. 1), Moscow (soil No. 2, 3, 5), Kaluga (soil No. 4, 6) and Tula (No. 7)
regions.
238
U was introduced into the soil in the form of a solution of uranyl chloride; the soil was thoroughly mixed with the solution in a separate container and
then placed into the boxes. The experimental alternatives are (1) control (background) without fertilisers and (2) application of a compound mineral fertiliser—
N 100 P 100 K 100 . Mineral fertilisers were applied as NPK. The number of replications in
the experiment was 4.
The entrance of
238
U to plants and its accumulation in barley grain and straw both
in the control variant and at the application of mineral fertilisers depended on the
type of soils (Table 8). On unfertilised sod-podzolic soil, the TF of
238
U for grain
was 1.4–3.4 times, and for straw, it was 1.2–2.7 times higher than for soils of the
chernozem type. The same pattern was noted at the application of mineral fertilisers: the accumulation of
238
U in barley grain on sod-podzolic soils was 1.5–3.3 times
higher than on grey forest soil and leached chernozem. The greatest amount of
238
U
in the barley harvest was accumulated on sod-podzolic sandy loam soil: the concentration of
238
U in grain was 1.67–2.19 Bq kg
−1
, and in straw, it was 12.4–13.1 Bq kg
−1
(dry weight). When barley was grown on unfertilised sod-podzolic medium loamy
soil, the content of
238
U in grain was 1.3–1.9 times lower than in the case of sodpodzolic sandy loam soil. Differences in the accumulation of
238
U in straw depended
on the texture of sod-podzolic soils and came up to 1.2–1.6 times. On well- cultivated
soil with a high content of humus and calcium and high absorption capacity, the
smallest accumulation of
238
U in the barley crop was noted even without any additional application of mineral fertilisers: the TF of
238
U for grain on leached chernozem was 1.8–2.7 times lower than on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils.
Table 8 Accumulation of
238
U in the yield of barley on different soils in the case of application of
mineral fertilisers, TF of
238
U (Bq kg
−1 of plant dry weight) (kBq m
−2
)
−1
; microfield experiment
Soil
Part of the harvest
TF
238
U, n × 10
−3
Without fertilisers N 100 P 100 K 100
Sod-podzolic sandy loam
(Vladimir region)
Grain
Straw
8.94
65.8
6.45
52.2
Sod-podzolic sandy loam
(Moscow region, Lyubertsy)
Grain
Straw
11.7
70.0
7.96
53.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Moscow region, Ramenskoye)
Grain
Straw
6.94
49.8
5.88
45.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Kaluga region)
Grain
Straw
9.33
52.9
7.46
43.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Moscow region, Dolgoprudny)
Grain
Straw
6.20
43.2
5.14
38.6
Grey forest medium loamy
(Kaluga region, Vorotynsk)
Grain
Straw
4.54
35.5
3.49
23.7
Leached medium loamy chernozem
(Tula region, Plavsk)
Grain
Straw
3.47
25.5
2.43
18.5
A. N. Ratnikov et al.
fertilisers in recommended quantities for the given zone, at the farms of Vladimir
(soil No. 1), Moscow (soil No. 2, 3, 5), Kaluga (soil No. 4, 6) and Tula (No. 7)
regions.
238
U was introduced into the soil in the form of a solution of uranyl chloride; the soil was thoroughly mixed with the solution in a separate container and
then placed into the boxes. The experimental alternatives are (1) control (background) without fertilisers and (2) application of a compound mineral fertiliser—
N 100 P 100 K 100 . Mineral fertilisers were applied as NPK. The number of replications in
the experiment was 4.
The entrance of
238
U to plants and its accumulation in barley grain and straw both
in the control variant and at the application of mineral fertilisers depended on the
type of soils (Table 8). On unfertilised sod-podzolic soil, the TF of
238
U for grain
was 1.4–3.4 times, and for straw, it was 1.2–2.7 times higher than for soils of the
chernozem type. The same pattern was noted at the application of mineral fertilisers: the accumulation of
238
U in barley grain on sod-podzolic soils was 1.5–3.3 times
higher than on grey forest soil and leached chernozem. The greatest amount of
238
U
in the barley harvest was accumulated on sod-podzolic sandy loam soil: the concentration of
238
U in grain was 1.67–2.19 Bq kg
−1
, and in straw, it was 12.4–13.1 Bq kg
−1
(dry weight). When barley was grown on unfertilised sod-podzolic medium loamy
soil, the content of
238
U in grain was 1.3–1.9 times lower than in the case of sodpodzolic sandy loam soil. Differences in the accumulation of
238
U in straw depended
on the texture of sod-podzolic soils and came up to 1.2–1.6 times. On well- cultivated
soil with a high content of humus and calcium and high absorption capacity, the
smallest accumulation of
238
U in the barley crop was noted even without any additional application of mineral fertilisers: the TF of
238
U for grain on leached chernozem was 1.8–2.7 times lower than on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils.
Table 8 Accumulation of
238
U in the yield of barley on different soils in the case of application of
mineral fertilisers, TF of
238
U (Bq kg
−1 of plant dry weight) (kBq m
−2
)
−1
; microfield experiment
Soil
Part of the harvest
TF
238
U, n × 10
−3
Without fertilisers N 100 P 100 K 100
Sod-podzolic sandy loam
(Vladimir region)
Grain
Straw
8.94
65.8
6.45
52.2
Sod-podzolic sandy loam
(Moscow region, Lyubertsy)
Grain
Straw
11.7
70.0
7.96
53.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Moscow region, Ramenskoye)
Grain
Straw
6.94
49.8
5.88
45.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Kaluga region)
Grain
Straw
9.33
52.9
7.46
43.3
Sod-podzolic medium loamy
(Moscow region, Dolgoprudny)
Grain
Straw
6.20
43.2
5.14
38.6
Grey forest medium loamy
(Kaluga region, Vorotynsk)
Grain
Straw
4.54
35.5
3.49
23.7
Leached medium loamy chernozem
(Tula region, Plavsk)
Grain
Straw
3.47
25.5
2.43
18.5
A. N. Ratnikov et al.