2.4 Experimental Methods and Materials
17
5
4
5
4
3
2.7
2
2
1
Water
Water
Ground
Top-view
A-A
1.5
82.1
A
A
Fig. 2.3 Landscape simulator for the Model Db in which the rainfall simulation experiments were
conducted. All units are in meters. Keys: 1. Water supply pipe; 2. Rainfall simulator; 3. Check dam;
4. Runoff container; 5. Collecting channel
Since the ratio R of the soil loss between the large scale model and the small scale
models under rainfall events before check dam construction was determinate and
pre-calibrated, and the erosive elements except for check dams, e.g., rainfall, and
initial land cover, were unaltered. The ratio R was regarded as a constant after check
dam construction in this study.
Brick walls were constructed around the model landscapes, with a knife edge of
60° facing away from the models on the upper rim of the models. The landscape
was constructed using the loess soil collected from the Shunyi District, Beijing. The
properties of the loess were close to those of the soil in the Yangdaogou Catchment.