capacities of municipalities should be strengthened. By taking the type and the
population of the provinces into consideration, model waste management units
should be established. The standards which should be applied in the operation and
structuring of these units should be determined. The activities, which have vital
importance in terms of environmental protection and human health and for the
common future of humankind, should not be managed by irrelevant and unauthorized units (Turkish Court of Accounts, 2007: 7).
The framework legislation on waste management is the Environmental Law,
Municipality Law, Metropolitan Municipality Law, and Municipality Revenues
Law.
According to the Environmental Law, Article 11, the metropolitan municipalities
and the municipalities are responsible for building and operating household solid
waste disposal facilities, or they can have them built and operated by other parties.
The parties which benefit and/or will benefit from this service should contribute to
the expenses that will be incurred by the responsible administrations for investment
in operations, maintenance, repairs, and improving and cleaning the systems. From
those who benefit from these services, a fee for collecting, treating and disposing of
solid waste is collected at a rate determined by the municipal commission. The fees
collected in accordance with the provisions of this Article cannot be used in services other than the ones related to solid waste.
The concept of integrated waste management is a management type that has
frequently been applied in recent years, but whose definition and implementation
has only recently been understood. Integrated waste management addresses the
elements of waste as a whole (including hazardous waste) and defines the objective
of waste management as ensuring sustainability in respect of both the environment
and the economy. The least pollutant and most economic waste management system is the one in which minimum waste is generated without hindering social life.
To minimize the amount of waste, unnecessary use and consumption should be
decreased, and waste needs to be recycled either as energy or as material. The
ultimate disposal stage should be managed within the scope of these objectives and
targets. Incineration is a method that reduces the greatest amount of waste transferred to ultimate disposal and ensures a significant return in the form of energy
production.
In the European Union membership process, the establishment and implementation of waste management policies is one of the most significant chapters of the
EU Environmental Acquis. The principles taken as the basis for the development of
the waste management policy adopted in the EU as well as in Turkey can be listed
as follows:
– Waste minimization and source separation,
– Reuse and recycling,
– Waste-to-energy production.
It is needless to state that municipalities must implement these principles and
establish the recovery and recycling plants.
4 Environmental Administration in Turkey
79
population of the provinces into consideration, model waste management units
should be established. The standards which should be applied in the operation and
structuring of these units should be determined. The activities, which have vital
importance in terms of environmental protection and human health and for the
common future of humankind, should not be managed by irrelevant and unauthorized units (Turkish Court of Accounts, 2007: 7).
The framework legislation on waste management is the Environmental Law,
Municipality Law, Metropolitan Municipality Law, and Municipality Revenues
Law.
According to the Environmental Law, Article 11, the metropolitan municipalities
and the municipalities are responsible for building and operating household solid
waste disposal facilities, or they can have them built and operated by other parties.
The parties which benefit and/or will benefit from this service should contribute to
the expenses that will be incurred by the responsible administrations for investment
in operations, maintenance, repairs, and improving and cleaning the systems. From
those who benefit from these services, a fee for collecting, treating and disposing of
solid waste is collected at a rate determined by the municipal commission. The fees
collected in accordance with the provisions of this Article cannot be used in services other than the ones related to solid waste.
The concept of integrated waste management is a management type that has
frequently been applied in recent years, but whose definition and implementation
has only recently been understood. Integrated waste management addresses the
elements of waste as a whole (including hazardous waste) and defines the objective
of waste management as ensuring sustainability in respect of both the environment
and the economy. The least pollutant and most economic waste management system is the one in which minimum waste is generated without hindering social life.
To minimize the amount of waste, unnecessary use and consumption should be
decreased, and waste needs to be recycled either as energy or as material. The
ultimate disposal stage should be managed within the scope of these objectives and
targets. Incineration is a method that reduces the greatest amount of waste transferred to ultimate disposal and ensures a significant return in the form of energy
production.
In the European Union membership process, the establishment and implementation of waste management policies is one of the most significant chapters of the
EU Environmental Acquis. The principles taken as the basis for the development of
the waste management policy adopted in the EU as well as in Turkey can be listed
as follows:
– Waste minimization and source separation,
– Reuse and recycling,
– Waste-to-energy production.
It is needless to state that municipalities must implement these principles and
establish the recovery and recycling plants.
4 Environmental Administration in Turkey
79