The presidential government system puts an end to the use of executive authority
by a parliament (TGNA). It envisages the exercise of executive power by a person
who is elected directly by the people to serve for five consecutive years.
The general characteristics of the Presidential Government System are as
follows:
– The executive is single-headed and elected directly by the people.
– The President is not politically responsible against the parliament and is
responsible to the people.
– Apart from being able to nominate political parties in the parliament, the
executive is severed from the parliament.
– The President and ministers cannot propose laws directly. Ministers cannot be a
deputy.
– The President sends a message to the parliament about the Turkey’s domestic
and foreign policy.
– The Turkish Grand National Assembly has the power to monitor the President,
Vice President and ministers under criminal responsibility through a parliamentary investigation.
– The President has the right to rescind and the parliament to renew elections.
– The election periods of the President and the Parliament are the same.
– The President is no longer impartial and is a political party.
– The President elects and appoints the Vice President and ministers.
– The Ministers are directly responsible to the President and not to The Turkish
Grand National Assembly.
– The President may make regulatory acts under the name of the Presidential
Decree without the authorization of the parliament.
– The President may regulate the establishment and removal of ministries, duties
and powers of the ministries, organizational structure and establishment of
central and provincial organizations.
– The public legal entity is also established by the Presidential Decree.
– The President appoints senior public executives or approves assignments.
– The President may declare a state of emergency.
– The President may ask the parliament to renegotiate the laws.
4.4.2 How the Presidential Decree Was Regulated
in the Turkish Constitution
The President of the Republic may issue presidential decrees on matters related to
executive power. The fundamental rights, individual rights and duties included in
the first and second chapters and the political rights and duties listed in the fourth
chapter of the second part of the Constitution are not regulated by a presidential
decree. No presidential decree may be issued on the matters which are stipulated in
4 Environmental Administration in Turkey
67
by a parliament (TGNA). It envisages the exercise of executive power by a person
who is elected directly by the people to serve for five consecutive years.
The general characteristics of the Presidential Government System are as
follows:
– The executive is single-headed and elected directly by the people.
– The President is not politically responsible against the parliament and is
responsible to the people.
– Apart from being able to nominate political parties in the parliament, the
executive is severed from the parliament.
– The President and ministers cannot propose laws directly. Ministers cannot be a
deputy.
– The President sends a message to the parliament about the Turkey’s domestic
and foreign policy.
– The Turkish Grand National Assembly has the power to monitor the President,
Vice President and ministers under criminal responsibility through a parliamentary investigation.
– The President has the right to rescind and the parliament to renew elections.
– The election periods of the President and the Parliament are the same.
– The President is no longer impartial and is a political party.
– The President elects and appoints the Vice President and ministers.
– The Ministers are directly responsible to the President and not to The Turkish
Grand National Assembly.
– The President may make regulatory acts under the name of the Presidential
Decree without the authorization of the parliament.
– The President may regulate the establishment and removal of ministries, duties
and powers of the ministries, organizational structure and establishment of
central and provincial organizations.
– The public legal entity is also established by the Presidential Decree.
– The President appoints senior public executives or approves assignments.
– The President may declare a state of emergency.
– The President may ask the parliament to renegotiate the laws.
4.4.2 How the Presidential Decree Was Regulated
in the Turkish Constitution
The President of the Republic may issue presidential decrees on matters related to
executive power. The fundamental rights, individual rights and duties included in
the first and second chapters and the political rights and duties listed in the fourth
chapter of the second part of the Constitution are not regulated by a presidential
decree. No presidential decree may be issued on the matters which are stipulated in
4 Environmental Administration in Turkey
67