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2 Basic Ecology
Fig. 2.2 Effect of topography and climate on water-induced soil erosion, Source: Encyclopædia
Britannica (1999)
the winter due to its proximity to the coast. Figure 2.2 shows the effect of topography
and climate on water-induced soil erosion.
Weather and climate are major factors that affect the distribution of species.
Weather falls under the abiotic factors that influence biological processes, including
germination. Some of the weather components that influence biological processes
are water, sunlight, wind, soil, and rocks.
2.2.1 Temperature
Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of an object. It is among the
critical and changeable ecological factors and can vary in climatic regions as well as
temporally. Temperature infiltrates all areas of the biosphere and significantly affects
all life forms as it can lower or increase important biological activities, including
embryonic development and metabolism.
Identify the units for measuring temperature.
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