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10 Sustainability
need to adapt sustainable products as well as publish sustainability reports to inform
the public and circulate best practices.
What are consumption patterns? What is meant by sustainable consumption
patterns? How can we embed sustainable consumption patterns today?
10.2.13 Goal 13: Climate Action
The core objective of SDG 13 is to tackle climate change and its effects through
emission regulation and promotion of renewable energy developments. This target
acknowledges that climate change and economic developments are inter-connected,
especially in considerations of energy production, poverty reduction, and gender
equity. There have been multilateral agreements such as the Kyoto protocol and
the United Framework Convention on climate change (UNFCCC) signed by global
parties to address trans-boundary environmental issues (see Fig. 10.14). However,
there is a need for the public sector to step up its efforts in reducing negative effects
on the environment (Sachs 2012). Tackling climate change is critical because of
Fig. 10.14 Number of parties in multilateral environment agreements, Source: UNCTAD (2016);
Ritchie and Roser (2019c)