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9 Environmental Ethics
today. Consideration of the intergenerational and intragenerational equity concerns
results in various principles that should act as the foundation for ethical choices on
waste management strategies. These are liabilities of waste management that need
to be considered when doing new projects, people who generate waste need to take
responsibility, and offer resources needed for managing these materials in a manner
that does not impose excess burden on future generations, and waste needs to be
managed at an acceptable protection level for the health of the environment and
humans alike. From this, it is imperative that the development of waste management
plans and policy needs to be discussed openly with representatives from all affected
societal sections. The three principles described above are part of the seven major
principles of environmental management that can be used for waste management.
The principles are founded on the ethics of waste concepts discussed. In the previous
chapter, environmental management was defined as the activities that promote
beneficial links and reduce adverse impacts on the environment and resources
(Okereke 2006). The principles of environmental management are beneficial for
making decisions on environmental issues, especially waste.
9.7.1 Polluter Pays Principle (PPP)
Many economists have suggested that organizations that discharge contaminants
in the environment need to be compelled to pay a price that resonates with the
harm they cause the environment. If one produces waste, the principle assumes
that the ethical thing to do is to incur the costs for the waste generated. The
principle is used for the allocation of costs of pollution prevention as well as control
measures to promote the rational utilization of scarce environmental resources and
avoid damage to international investment and trade. The fundamental concern of
this principle is that polluters need to bear abatement costs without subsidy (Khan
2015). Abatement refers to the act of reducing or ending pollution (Khan 2015).
The Supreme Court of India weighed in on the Polluter Pays Principle by stating
that absolute liability for environmental harm extends to compensate pollution
victims and cost associated with the restoration of environmental degradation.
Consequently, it includes direct and environmental costs to property or people. The
damaged environment’s remediation is a crucial part of the sustainable development
process, hence making the polluter liable for paying the costs to individual sufferers
and costs associated with reversing the damaged environment or ecology.
9.7.2 The User Pays Principle (UPP)
The User Pays Principle is considered part of the Polluter Pays Principle. It states
that all users of resources should pay for the full long-term marginal cost of using
9 Environmental Ethics
today. Consideration of the intergenerational and intragenerational equity concerns
results in various principles that should act as the foundation for ethical choices on
waste management strategies. These are liabilities of waste management that need
to be considered when doing new projects, people who generate waste need to take
responsibility, and offer resources needed for managing these materials in a manner
that does not impose excess burden on future generations, and waste needs to be
managed at an acceptable protection level for the health of the environment and
humans alike. From this, it is imperative that the development of waste management
plans and policy needs to be discussed openly with representatives from all affected
societal sections. The three principles described above are part of the seven major
principles of environmental management that can be used for waste management.
The principles are founded on the ethics of waste concepts discussed. In the previous
chapter, environmental management was defined as the activities that promote
beneficial links and reduce adverse impacts on the environment and resources
(Okereke 2006). The principles of environmental management are beneficial for
making decisions on environmental issues, especially waste.
9.7.1 Polluter Pays Principle (PPP)
Many economists have suggested that organizations that discharge contaminants
in the environment need to be compelled to pay a price that resonates with the
harm they cause the environment. If one produces waste, the principle assumes
that the ethical thing to do is to incur the costs for the waste generated. The
principle is used for the allocation of costs of pollution prevention as well as control
measures to promote the rational utilization of scarce environmental resources and
avoid damage to international investment and trade. The fundamental concern of
this principle is that polluters need to bear abatement costs without subsidy (Khan
2015). Abatement refers to the act of reducing or ending pollution (Khan 2015).
The Supreme Court of India weighed in on the Polluter Pays Principle by stating
that absolute liability for environmental harm extends to compensate pollution
victims and cost associated with the restoration of environmental degradation.
Consequently, it includes direct and environmental costs to property or people. The
damaged environment’s remediation is a crucial part of the sustainable development
process, hence making the polluter liable for paying the costs to individual sufferers
and costs associated with reversing the damaged environment or ecology.
9.7.2 The User Pays Principle (UPP)
The User Pays Principle is considered part of the Polluter Pays Principle. It states
that all users of resources should pay for the full long-term marginal cost of using