8.3 Process of Waste Management
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8.3.1 Waste Reduction
Reduction is the first process of waste management and entails reducing the quantity
of waste generated. It can be achieved through source reduction, concentration,
and segregation. Source reduction entails the modification of industrial processes
to optimize the use of raw materials and reduce the number of hazardous wastes
generated (Menikpura et al. 2013).
Identify some of the ways that can be used for source reduction.
Regarding concentration, generated waste is concentrated through the use of
modern methods, including decantation and precipitation techniques. This plays a
crucial role in reducing the volume of wastes. Wastes are segregated by their chemical composition, physical nature as well as hazard potential, which is beneficial
during their eventual disposal. Also called waste minimization, reduction is a basic
waste management method that helps prevent the creation of waste material. Some
methods used for avoiding waste generation are reusing second-hand products,
discouraging disposable products, and designing products to remain reusable or
refillable.
8.3.2 Waste Recycling
Many waste forms have various beneficial substances. Recycling is a method for
enabling the waste to be reused through reprocessing. Ideally, recycling refers to
two things: reuse and recycling. Reuse is the scenario where some waste can be
used again. For instance, discarded containers, lubricants, and some chemicals can
be used further without the need for processing. Recycling, on the other hand, is
different from reuse because waste has to be rigorously treated and reprocessed prior
to being used again. Recycling entails collecting and reusing waste materials, such
as empty beverage containers, to reprocess these materials into new commodities
(Menikpura et al. 2013). Collection vehicles and dedicated bins can be used for
collecting material for recycling through the curbside collection procedure. Within
some communities, the waste owner separates materials into various bins prior
to its collection. Other communities use single-stream recycling in which all the
recyclable materials are placed in one bin for collection and sorting is done in a
central facility through the single-stream recycling. Aluminum, copper, steel, rubber
tires, newspapers, and corrugated fiberboard boxes are the most common consumer
products recycled. These items are made of a single material type, thus making
them easily recyclable. Recycling complex products is more difficult because of the
additional dismantling and separation needed. Each nation and city has a unique
recycling program that can manage various forms of recyclable materials.
177
8.3.1 Waste Reduction
Reduction is the first process of waste management and entails reducing the quantity
of waste generated. It can be achieved through source reduction, concentration,
and segregation. Source reduction entails the modification of industrial processes
to optimize the use of raw materials and reduce the number of hazardous wastes
generated (Menikpura et al. 2013).
Identify some of the ways that can be used for source reduction.
Regarding concentration, generated waste is concentrated through the use of
modern methods, including decantation and precipitation techniques. This plays a
crucial role in reducing the volume of wastes. Wastes are segregated by their chemical composition, physical nature as well as hazard potential, which is beneficial
during their eventual disposal. Also called waste minimization, reduction is a basic
waste management method that helps prevent the creation of waste material. Some
methods used for avoiding waste generation are reusing second-hand products,
discouraging disposable products, and designing products to remain reusable or
refillable.
8.3.2 Waste Recycling
Many waste forms have various beneficial substances. Recycling is a method for
enabling the waste to be reused through reprocessing. Ideally, recycling refers to
two things: reuse and recycling. Reuse is the scenario where some waste can be
used again. For instance, discarded containers, lubricants, and some chemicals can
be used further without the need for processing. Recycling, on the other hand, is
different from reuse because waste has to be rigorously treated and reprocessed prior
to being used again. Recycling entails collecting and reusing waste materials, such
as empty beverage containers, to reprocess these materials into new commodities
(Menikpura et al. 2013). Collection vehicles and dedicated bins can be used for
collecting material for recycling through the curbside collection procedure. Within
some communities, the waste owner separates materials into various bins prior
to its collection. Other communities use single-stream recycling in which all the
recyclable materials are placed in one bin for collection and sorting is done in a
central facility through the single-stream recycling. Aluminum, copper, steel, rubber
tires, newspapers, and corrugated fiberboard boxes are the most common consumer
products recycled. These items are made of a single material type, thus making
them easily recyclable. Recycling complex products is more difficult because of the
additional dismantling and separation needed. Each nation and city has a unique
recycling program that can manage various forms of recyclable materials.