170
7 Water and Wastewater Treatment
7.13 Discussion Questions
1. Differentiate between grit and grease.
2. Explain the significance of preliminary treatment.
3. What is a waste stream?
4. Define saponification and list the chemicals used for facilitating the process.
5. Explain what happens if large solids are entrained in pipes of a treatment plant
(Hint: consider the efficiency of the process).
6. Which is the most critical step in wastewater treatment and why?
7. Why do many plants use primary clarifiers that have mechanical surface
skimmers?
8. In grit chambers, why is the water velocity maintained sufficiently high?
9. Communitors are often adopted for supplementing coarse screening. What is
their major function?
10. Identify wastes separated during each phase of wastewater treatment.
11. Discuss the major wastes collected during the primary treatment phase.
12. Differentiate between tertiary and quaternary wastewater treatment.
13. What is the importance of sludge in farming?
14. How does wastewater treatment contribute to sustainable development?
15. Use the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) to discuss the phases of wastewater
treatment.
16. Oil is a curse to the communities living close to the Niger Delta. Explain
how gold and black diamonds have also brought about the devastation to local
communities in Africa. Select two countries and identify communities affected.
References
Adaoyichie, G. (2018). More oil companies are dumping Nigeria’s crude. The Pulse.
Retrieved February 21, 2019, from https://www.pulse.ng/news/more-oil-companies-aredumping-nigerias-crude/pkqx1xn/.
Adebambo, G. (2016). Ken Saro Wiwa. The Guardian. Retrieved August 22, 2018, from https://
guardian.ng/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ken-saro-wiwa-1024-x614.jpg/.
Asatekin, A., & Mayes, A. M. (2009). Oil industry wastewater treatment with fouling resistant
membranes containing amphiphilic comb copolymers. Environmental Science & Technology,
43(12), 4487–4492.
Chan, Y. J., Chong, M. F., Law, C. L., & Hassell, D. G. (2009). A review on anaerobic-aerobic
treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal, 155(1–2),
1–18.
Costa-Pierce, B. A. (1998). Preliminary investigation of an integrated aquaculture–wetland
ecosystem using tertiary-treated municipal wastewater in Los Angeles County, California.
Ecological Engineering, 10(4), 341–354.
EPA. (2018). Bioremediation. Overview. Retrieved December 15, 2018, from https://-cluin.org/
techfocus/default.focus/sec/Bioremediation/cat/Overview/.
7 Water and Wastewater Treatment
7.13 Discussion Questions
1. Differentiate between grit and grease.
2. Explain the significance of preliminary treatment.
3. What is a waste stream?
4. Define saponification and list the chemicals used for facilitating the process.
5. Explain what happens if large solids are entrained in pipes of a treatment plant
(Hint: consider the efficiency of the process).
6. Which is the most critical step in wastewater treatment and why?
7. Why do many plants use primary clarifiers that have mechanical surface
skimmers?
8. In grit chambers, why is the water velocity maintained sufficiently high?
9. Communitors are often adopted for supplementing coarse screening. What is
their major function?
10. Identify wastes separated during each phase of wastewater treatment.
11. Discuss the major wastes collected during the primary treatment phase.
12. Differentiate between tertiary and quaternary wastewater treatment.
13. What is the importance of sludge in farming?
14. How does wastewater treatment contribute to sustainable development?
15. Use the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) to discuss the phases of wastewater
treatment.
16. Oil is a curse to the communities living close to the Niger Delta. Explain
how gold and black diamonds have also brought about the devastation to local
communities in Africa. Select two countries and identify communities affected.
References
Adaoyichie, G. (2018). More oil companies are dumping Nigeria’s crude. The Pulse.
Retrieved February 21, 2019, from https://www.pulse.ng/news/more-oil-companies-aredumping-nigerias-crude/pkqx1xn/.
Adebambo, G. (2016). Ken Saro Wiwa. The Guardian. Retrieved August 22, 2018, from https://
guardian.ng/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ken-saro-wiwa-1024-x614.jpg/.
Asatekin, A., & Mayes, A. M. (2009). Oil industry wastewater treatment with fouling resistant
membranes containing amphiphilic comb copolymers. Environmental Science & Technology,
43(12), 4487–4492.
Chan, Y. J., Chong, M. F., Law, C. L., & Hassell, D. G. (2009). A review on anaerobic-aerobic
treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal, 155(1–2),
1–18.
Costa-Pierce, B. A. (1998). Preliminary investigation of an integrated aquaculture–wetland
ecosystem using tertiary-treated municipal wastewater in Los Angeles County, California.
Ecological Engineering, 10(4), 341–354.
EPA. (2018). Bioremediation. Overview. Retrieved December 15, 2018, from https://-cluin.org/
techfocus/default.focus/sec/Bioremediation/cat/Overview/.